Punishment and Rehabilitation

Punishment and Rehabilitation The legislators closely evaluate various methods of crime prevention. As a rule, they focus on such approaches as punishment and rehabilitation. This paper is aimed at discussing the advantages and disadvantages of these strategies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Punishment and Rehabilitation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Overall, one can argue that policy-makers should place more emphasis on rehabilitation since it is essential for the improvement of a person’s behavior. Nevertheless, this policy should be applicable to the individuals who are not convicted of felonies such as arson, murder, rape, or other aggravated crimes. This is the main argument that should be discussed more closely. At first, one should focus on punishment since this method has been the most widespread one in various countries, including the United States. This main advantage of this policy is that a person, who poses a significant threat to the society, can be fully isolated from the community. This argument is particularly relevant about people who committed serious felonies. Much attention should be paid to people convicted of homicide, rape, or child abuse (Waller, 2008, p. 265). For instance, some perpetrators of child abuse are very likely to commit this crime once again since therapy offered to these people is not very effective (Waller, 2008, p. 265). Under such circumstances, incarceration as a form of punishment seems to be the only option available to policy-makers. Furthermore, the victims can also demand retribution against people who inflicted suffering on them (Pollock, 2008, p. 60). In this case, punishment is a form of retributive justice. Nevertheless, there are significant weaknesses of this strategy. First of all, an individual, who might have committed some minor crime, can commit a recidivist offense. The incarceration does not produce significant changes in the behavior. It is more likel y that this individual can only become more deviant (Pollock, 2008). Furthermore, by focusing on punishment of offenders, the state can contribute to the increase of prison population (Kahan, 2008, p. 171). In turn, this policy can increase the burden carried by taxpayers. This is one of the main aspects that should be considered. In turn, it is possible to speak about rehabilitation. This strategy is based on the premise that an offender should have an opportunity to change or correct his/her behavior (Johnson Dipietro, 2012, p. 813). For instance, a person, who was pronounced guilty of storing drugs, should overcome the addition. Similarly, many crimes can be committed by people struggling with alcoholism.Advertising Looking for essay on common law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In turn, the rehabilitation is aimed at eliminating the factors that could have contributed to their crimes (Roesch, 2009, p. 110). The main strength of this policy is that it helps to reduce the rates of recidivism among convicted offenders (Johnson Dipietro, 2012). Nevertheless, this technique is relevant only in those cases, when a person does not pose a threat to the community. As it has been said before, the offenders are often required to undergo therapy. However, one cannot always ensure that this therapy prevents them from committing further offences. This argument is relevant if one speaks about perpetrators of child abuse. This is one of the risks that should be considered. Overall, these examples show that rehabilitation can be a more useful method of crime prevention since it reduces the risk of recidivism. In turn, the emphasis on punishment can lead to the increased governmental expenditures. Nevertheless, it is vital to remember that in many cases, law-enforcement agencies cannot rely on rehabilitation to make sure that an individual does harm other people. Therefore, the choice between rehabilitati on and punishment should be based on the study of a person’s background and the motives underlying his/her crime. Reference List Johnson, B., Dipietro, S. (2012). The power of diversion intermediate sanctions and sentencing disparity under presumptive guidelines. Criminology, 50(3), 811-850. Kahan, D. (2008). â€Å"Punishment Incommensurability†. In B. Waller (Ed.), You  decide!: current debates in criminal justice (pp. 167-175). New York, NY: Pearson Prentice Hall. Pollock, J. (2012). Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice. New York, NY: Cengage Learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Punishment and Rehabilitation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Roesch, R. (2009). Forensic Psychology and Law. New York, NY: John Wiley Sons. Waller, B. (2008). Should There be Laws Requiring Registration and Community Notification for Convicted Sex Offenders. In B. Waller (Ed.), You decide!:  current debates in criminal justice (pp. 253-267). New York, NY: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Fogdog Essay Example

Fogdog Essay Example Fogdog Essay Fogdog Essay Donna De Verona represented women, but there Is no Information about her contribution to the company aside from her probable media connections. Id rather recommend inviting to the board more outside directors to make the decision-making process unbiased and transparent. The separation of the roles of the Chairman and CEO is one more condition that I would remain unchanged. The dominance of venture capitalist Investors has turned to be a complete failure for the company. As, on the one hand, they were passive and not willing to participate in strategic management. Investors dont take responsibility for the companys operations, they are merely participate in the profits. Venture capitalists were over-committed In terms of the number of board seats they held, which limited the amount of time they could spend with any one company [Case, p. 1 | On the other hand, when they faced the risk of losing capital and not reaching short-term profitability, they were not able to consider allowing the management team to proceed accomplishing their long-term plan, thus leading the company to the end of Its Independent existence. Its a Coos responsibility to nominate the board members, and shareholders have to appoint the nominees. So they equally can be blamed for the company not possessing the most effective board possible. : Moreover, Its a Tim Harrington fault n letting the board behave passively, as it was convenient for him to make strategic decisions practically alone. To draw the conclusion, to execute best practice board and composition It Is necessary to: Increase the number of outside directors (non-affiliated Leave the separation of Chairman and CEO; Reduce the number of PVC investors; Invite directors with extensive knowledge of product, of rapidly changing environment, with proved reputation and willingness to contribute to the long-term success of the company. . Two month before the crucial meeting it became clear for management team that there was not enough cash to achieve profitability: Fog needed an additional $15 million to $20 million. That was not possible due to the extremely tight financial environment for Internet companies at that time. [Case, p. 101 Tim Harrington and his team tried to work on the first option, determined by the board of directors, in order to save the company, wh ich included the amendment of Dustless model to conclave pronto TTY slung ten scans available. I nee consolable TN partnership with brick-and-mortar retailers as one of the ways out. One of the estates, I think, was the companys concentration on attracting capital. The CEO could have foreseen that challenging business climate would affect dramatically Fogs performance, and could put at least half of his forces to adopt to it. Besides this, as Ralph Sparks noticed, and I cant but agree with him, the operating expenses were too high, so that it was difficult for a company to show net income. Another mistake was in missing the opportunity to establish brick-and-mortar partnership, while the conditions were more favorable for Fog. Nevertheless, it can be said, hat Tim and his management team did a great work on revision of the Fogs business plan to amend it to reach profitability in the long run. Tim thought, that it was better to ask for forgiveness than beg for permission, because he didnt believe that anyone in the board besides him was able to make a substantive decision. He pretended to know the company and its needs best. He saw that the board lacks commitment and stimulus but, as a leader, made no attempt to correct the situation. As it was already mentioned, it seemed convenient to him to be responsible to make decision with no interference from the passive board. Thus if anything goes wrong he can ask for forgiveness, but he was self-confident and was sure that his direction is the right one. This overconfidence made harm to Fog, notwithstanding the fact, that Tim Harrington can be considered a respectable CEO. Moreover, the members didnt appreciate Times self-confidence in making decisions although his work was directed on a long-term success of a company. 3. As a venture capitalist Im interested to see the return of my investment. The long- term results about which CEO speaks every time are quite questionable and uncertain, as I see that the situation is getting worse every minute. And the evidence or it is the dramatically reduction of Fogs stock price from its $1 1 offering price per share in December, 1999, to less than $1 in the end of August. Concerning the financial environment affecting the Internet companies (and Fog is not the exception), it becomes too risky for a company to survive alone. I am quite anxious about shareholders interests, because as a board member, its my duty to make sure that nothing threatens their deserved benefit. It is too much obvious that it would be better to sell the company (and receive 0. 135 of a share of Global Sports common stock for each share [9]) rather that observe how it decays.

How does social media affect our lives Annotated Bibliography

How does social media affect our lives - Annotated Bibliography Example I plan to use this information to understand more about the impact and the wide usage of social media among various individuals. I will use all the scholarly research in this book to understand and address social media in all its applied fields including politics, schools, and public relations. Most of social media researchers have classified individuals into either lurkers or posters. Many individuals just read comments without making any posts on social media. Posters are individuals who post while lurkers just consume the posts of others without actually posting anything. While lurkers find social media as a crucial source of information, posters express themselves through social media platforms. This book conducts massive research on the same to come up with various reasons why individuals turn to social media platforms. Teenagers have a tendency of communicating through social media platforms such as face book and instagram. Such interactions have various effects on their lives. This book tends to unravel the myths regarding the use of social media platforms by teenagers. It explores various topics including identity, safety, bullying, privacy, and danger. Issues emerged in universities across the United States with the emergence of face book. Such online social media platforms have been prevalent among college students. However, it has left the practitioners of students’ affairs with the problem of identifying how such platforms affect the college students. This study is important for me as it will enable me understand the impact various social media platforms have on college students. It will also help me understand the challenges brought about and how to deal with them. The book conducts various case studies to determine how social media affects politics by investigating their power on political discourse. It collects original scholarly research on

History assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History - Assignment Example eror got to the conclusion that the Byzantium was too weak to take its lost territories by itself and appealed to the Christian states of Western Europe for help. The assistance and the process of gathering the states to deploy the call to help the Byzantine Emperor by the Christians and other Christian stares was the beginning of the crusades. The report by the Byzantine to the Pope requesting the aid to bring back the lost territories revealed to the Pope that the Orthodox Church and the Eastern Empire were weak. he thought that if he sent assistance he could possibly reunite the churches under his authority. The process of preaching the peace and the need for reunion through France was through the crusades (Shepkaru 4). After the launch of crusade by Pope Urban, the armies left and captured Jerusalem and the Muslims were displaced. They captured the lands around Jerusalem. They curved the lands and made small kingdoms for themselves and this just lasted for a while. Most of the European leaders got strong grid and gained influence of the land to form stable governments. Christians re-founded the humanity of Jesus as the veneration of the artifact became more popular: however, some of the Christians lost their properties, lives and loved ones (Shepkaru 14). Reformations in the religious sectors were caused by the corruption of the church. The Catholic Church involved itself through the leaders to corruption by selling the indulgences and nepotism. The questioning of the church traditions by the Renaissance Humanism, which challenged the pope over the virtues of salvation and his take on the same also led to reformation of Christianity. The influence of the religious reformers who questioned and revoked the sacraments while focused on the purpose of communicating with God also gave the proof that more were hidden in the church and compelled people to reform from the Catholic Church (Perkins 3). The spread of the ideas of the reformers were through the book

Phantom Time Theory Essay Example for Free

Phantom Time Theory Essay There are a few German scholars who believe that a 300 year time period was just written in the history books, without actually existing. The gap in history has been coined the Phantom Time Theory or Phantom Time Hypothesis. Although it is not a very widely accepted theory, there is a fair amount of evidence to back it up. Time itself has very many definitions, the historical records of the time don’t coincide, and astronomy and dendrochronology can’t definitively prove the theory wrong. What exactly is time? One of time’s many definitions is â€Å"the system of those sequential relations that any event has to any other, as past, present, or future; indefinite and continuous duration regarded as that in which events succeed one another,† (Time 784) Basically, this means the order of events occurred in relation to each other. Since there are numerous other definitions time is very subjective and who is to say that time even really exists. Different countries have different calendars and started counting years at other various times. For example, the Islam calendar started in the year we know as 622 AD. Niemitz asks â€Å"How was it possible to insert this phantom time into history? †(8), which has no easy answers. One might respond in a way as to say that we made a mistake when changing from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar. If that were to be the case, then how would it have been a 300 year oversight? Maybe, the switch in calendars may just be a small part of the problem; could it have been the start of the falsified history? If so, then where else could the gap have come from? Most of the historical documents of the time seem to have either been falsified or just don’t exist. For example, Heribert Illig believes â€Å"†¦Charlemagne was a fictional character,† (Bellows 1). If Charlemagne was a made-up figure in history, than what else has been made up about that era? Maybe all of it has been fictionalized by some mass conspirators, or maybe certain documents of the time have just been translated incorrectly and certain historical feats did not actually happen. Also, there are large gaps in historical documents like â€Å"†¦the doctrine of faith, especially the gap in the evolution of theory and meaning of purgatory†¦,† (Bellows 3). With gaps in historical documents like this, it leaves a doubt in the mind of anybody that ponders the existence of this time period. If there are gaps in historical documents like this, then maybe there are gaps in the history itself, as well. John states in his narrative that â€Å"Often, historiography just consisted of archiving anything at all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (John 5). So, maybe most of the history as we think we know is nothing but false assumptions. But, this whole theory is built on the word maybe. Other scholars might give Illig more respect for his findings if he could come up with more specific answers that tell both sides of the story. Astronomy is neutral, for the most part, when it comes to the Phantom Time Theory. For example, Beaufort writes â€Å"Ultimate evidence against Illigs hypothesis, based solely on historical solar eclipses can possibly not be found,† (Beaufort 25). So, if solar eclipses can’t prove the theory wrong, then what can? Methods like Dendrochronology, carbon dating, might hold the answer. Unfortunately, â€Å"Despite of calibration a high degree†¦antique period typically up to +/-150 years,† (Beaufort 26). This leaves us once again with no definitive answer on the validity of the hypothesis. At the moment, there is no scientific way to prove the theory valid or invalid, but maybe, some day in the near or possibly distant future, there will be a way to accurately pinpoint the dates when certain historical events happened to put this talk of the theory being a â€Å"conspiracy† to bed. 300 years of our history may just have been thought up in someone’s head and written in the history books, or maybe it is true. There are a few things for certain though: time is very subjective and we could be living in any time period imaginable, depending on when you start counting years. Some historical documentation of the era has been proven to be forged, so we can never distinguish what has actually happened in history and what some writer of a history book just made it up. Lastly, astronomy and dendrochronology don’t give a definitive answer to the questions of when exactly these historical events happened. So, maybe this theory is just some wild thought a few German scholars had, but maybe, in the coming years more and more evidence to prove the theory valid may come out and these crazy scholars would look like geniuses.

Essay On Hacking :: essays research papers

Essay On Hacking A topic that i know very well is computers and computer hacking. Computers seem very complicated and very hard to learn, but, if given time a computer can be very useful and very fun. Have you ever heard all of that weird computer terminology? for and example, Javascript. Javascript is basically a computer language used when programming internet web pages. Have you ever been on the internet and seen words go across the screen or moving images? This is all done by the Java language. If you don not see moving images then its because your web browser cannot read javascript. If you don't know what a web browser is then I will tell you, a web browser is simply a tool used to view the various websites on the internet. All web browsers are different, some only interpret html language, which is another programming language used to design web page and then there are some browsers that can play videos and sounds. Have you ever wondered why when you want to go to a website you have to type http://name of site.com? well I have been wondering for ages but still can't figure out, but sometimes you type ftp:// before the name of the site. This simply means File transfer protocol. You use this when download image files or any other files. Now, onto hacking. Most people stereotype people simply as "HACKERS," but what they don't know is that there are three different types of computer whizzes. First, there are hackers. Hackers simply make viruses and fool around on the internet and try to bug people. They make viruses so simple. The get a program called a virus creation kit. This program simply makes the virus of beholders choice. It can make viruses that simply put a constant beep in you computer speakers or it can be disastrous and ruin your computers hard-drive. Hackers also go onto chat rooms and cause trouble. Chat rooms are simply a service given by internet providers to allow people all over the world to talk. As I was saying, Hackers go into these rooms and basically try to take over because in chat rooms there is one person in control. This person has the ability to put you in control or simply ban you. These hackers use programs that allow them to take full control over any room and potentially, make the computers on the other side overload with commands which in end, makes their computer collapse. Another type of computer whiz is called a cracker, crackers are sort of malicious.

Alienation & People

Realist. A word, which would greatly, depicts the ascendancy of Herman Melville’s work – Bartleby, the Scrivener. An oeuvre that depicts and denounces the harsh conditions of workers, particularly of the copyists of laws during his time. As such, the opus serves as an eye-opener for the whole humanity. It embarks upon the exploitation and dehumanization of an individual in a capitalist society wherein accumulation of capital is the primary if not the only goal of the bourgeoisie. As such, this results to the seemingly obliviousness of the bourgeoisie to the real conditions and needs of his employees.This can be evidently seen in the story as the narrator gives only about four cents a folio, that is four cents for one hundred words of every copied document. One may argue that such amount has a great value during that period. Indeed it may be the case. However, if one would analyze the value of the wage given compared to the laborious task of a scrivener, it can be deduce d that the given wage evidently does not equally compensate for the arduous job of a scrivener. The clear manifestation of such is the fact that employees in the story cannot provide for themselves an adequate supply of their basic necessities.In the epoch of industrialization and technological advancements, it is quite paradoxical to see the employees subsisting in an adverse condition. Such order is the contradiction in a capitalist society. The story illustrates how at first an individual would succumb to a system which pledges social and economic change from its success in overthrowing the old form of society, the feudal system. As such he takes a particular wok under a new economic system, the proletariat in his desire to make himself a living and essentially, to make his life better. However, as his work continuous, he realizes that he is being exploited and alienated.First, he is alienated to his products; in this particular case the copies of law that Bartleby produces. As h e continuously produces products for his employer, his labor is being continuously objectified. If such is the case, then the number of things, which he produces in the external world yet does not belong to him continuously increases as he produces more. Hence, he is alienated in his products in two ways: first, by continuously producing products which does not belong to him; secondly, by increasing number of products he produces which he cannot acquire for he does not have the purchasing power to do so.Second, he is estranged from his labor. It is because his labor does not belong to him but to his employer. He works accordingly not from his own willingness to work rather to what his employer wanted him to do. His employer imposes on him what kind of work he should do. And this phenomenon is what Marx called as forced labor. As a result, his labor becomes mechanical and void of progress. Third, he is estranged from his species being. Human beings have the right to self-determinatio n. This feature separates him from other species and can only be carried out thru his life activity.However, his activity under the capitalist economy, his being tied in his work forbids him to exercise his life activity – his self-determination. Fourth, he is alienated to his self. This is due to the alienation he experienced from his product and labor wherein he is not anymore treated as a rational being or even a human being in his Isness rather a commodity needed by the capitalists to procure monopoly of capital. These alienations were clearly depicted in Bartleby, the Scrivener and were eventually realized by Bartleby.He realized that he is a victim of such exploitations. He struggles to reject the prevailing economic system together with its authority structure and exploitative practices. Its manifestations though not much articulated is the refusal of Bartleby to first do trivial tasks and eventually, to stop the demeaning work. Essentially, he stop to become a scriven er. Bartleby represents an â€Å"enlightened man† of his time even if he does not have the ideological grounding Marx and Hegel possessed during the emergence of the socialist ideology.However, such realizations places him in history. Undeniably, in every society where there is a class, there is a class struggle. As such, a bourgeoisie would do anything to neutralize if not to totally obliterate the emergence of an ideology, which challenges the prevailing one. As such, the narrator is the epitome of the bourgeoisie. This was shown by the pseudo-kindness he is offering to Bartleby, seemingly oblivious of the exploitation and alienation his class is causing to the majority.It is because if he indeed wanted to help Bartleby, he would do measures to step by step end such exploitation. Bartleby realizes how oppressed he is in a capitalist society yet he has not yet ponder upon what would topple down this kind of oppressive economic system as well as the manner on how the society can be changed. This can be attributed to his lack of education and knowledge of the basic principles of socialism, which is emerging during his time.Unfortunately, he passed away before he can rationalize on how the existing society can be revolutionized Evidently, Melville is depicting the realities of his society during his time – the struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. As such, the struggle between the prevailing yet oppressive ideology during that epoche– capitalism and the ideology which challenges capitalism and aspires to eliminate the oppression within the society – communism. Source: Bartleby, the Scrivener. Herman Melville. http://www. yahoo. com.

Issues of Politcs and Pubic Administration Dichotomy

Issues of Political Dichotomy and Public Administration Genyne Coleman South University Online Patricia Wright Kelly, J. , & Wanna, J. (2000). New public management and the politics of government budgeting. International Public Management Review, 1(1), 33-54. Retrieved from http://www3. imp. unisg. ch/org/idt/†¦ /IPMR_1_1_BUDGETING. pdf The article examines the New Public Management (NPM) to address government budget conflicts using the guardian-spender framework of political scientist Aaron Wildavsky’s.Wildavsky explains traditional budgetary politics as missing structure and formal procedure of financial control which resulted in the the dichotomous relationship of guardians and spenders. The guardian and spender relationship is examined under NPM that suggest they are forced to perform together rather than separate which makes for a streamline budget process. (Kelly & Wanna, 2000, â€Å"successful budgeting is portrayed as a product of ongoing guardian and spender rel ations: both roles are legitimate and necessary in resolving budget decisions.Dividing functions and responsibilities between spenders and guardians enables specialization, increases predictability and, therefore, reduces complexity in budget decision-making (p. 34)†. The article describes the current usefulness of guardian and spender as an effective evaluation tool The research used in this article encompasses different budgeting conflicts and strategies used by parliament and government.The relevance of the article to the research of dichotomy in politics and public administration is important as it examines the history of budgetary practices, conflicts, and its evolvement. The author presents an insightful and well drafted interpretation of forward thinking budgetary processes. Hildebrand, D. (2008). public administration as pragmatic, democratic,and objective. Public Administration Review, 222-229. Retrieved from http://www. academia. edu/597816/Public_administration_as_p ragmatic_democratic_

Economic Changes in Latin America essays

Economic Changes in Latin America essays The Dictators and Oligarchy governments focused on economic growth by maintaining law and order through foreign investment, free trade, and land confiscation. (text 143) The economies of Latin America relied mostly on agricultural exports and mining. As free trade policies spread, the efforts to create their industries were abandoned as they could buy manufactured goods from Europe and the United States. Loans from foreign countries started to flow into Latin America to fund the building of railroads, bridges, roads, banks and other public buildings. Throughout this economic boom, the indigenous and mestizo people of Latin America were driven out of their villages by the landowners who were in search of goods to export. The disposed of natives would then be turned into slaves to work on the plantations and in the mines. The dependency on foreign investment was at first successful as it brought riches to landowners and modernization to cities, but the nations had no real source of revenue to pay off the enormous debts. (E 304) When the Great Depression hit, the vulnerable export market struggled as foreign trade contracted. New ideas, institutions, and economical structures were needed to stimulate the countries plagued by revolts, fixed elections, and illiteracy. The need for changes in Latin America became apparent around the time of the Great Depression. A new focus on mass politics and nationalism had begun, and new institutions were being implemented. In Mexico, President Lzaro Crdenas transformed the country through land redistribution, education reform and nationalization of the oil industry (SRI 9). The land reform took from the oligarchies and gave the peasants total freedom and economic independence as almost 18 million hectares of land was distributed. This occurance happened all over Latin America as Idigenism became important to the various states. Indigenism focused on the improvement and acceptance of the indi...

How to Grow Blue Copper Sulfate Crystals

How to Grow Blue Copper Sulfate Crystals Copper sulfate crystals are among the easiest and most beautiful crystals that you can grow. The brilliant blue crystals can be grown relatively quickly and can become quite large.   Copper Sulfate Tips Safety Copper sulfate is harmful if swallowed and can irritate skin and mucous membranes. In case of contact, rinse skin with water. If swallowed, give water and call a physician.Even a small increase in the temperature of the water will greatly affect the amount of copper sulfate (CuS04  . 5H20) that will dissolve.Copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals contain water, so if you want to store your finished crystal, keep it in a sealed container. Otherwise, water will evaporate from the crystals, leaving them dull and powdery from efflorescence. The gray or greenish powder is the anhydrous form of copper sulfate.Copper sulfate is used in copper plating, blood tests for anemia, in algicides and fungicides, in textile manufacturing, and as a desiccant. Copper Sulfate Crystal Materials Copper sulfateWaterJar Make a Saturated Copper Sulfate Solution Stir copper sulfate into very hot water until no more will dissolve. You can just pour the solution into a jar and wait a few days for crystals to grow, but if you grow a seed crystal, you can get much larger and better-shaped crystals. Grow a Seed Crystal Pour a little of the saturated copper sulfate solution into a saucer or shallow dish. Allow it to sit in an undisturbed location for several hours or overnight. Select the best crystal as your seed for growing a large crystal. Scrape the crystal off of the container and tie it to a length of nylon fishing line. Growing a Large Crystal Suspend the seed crystal in a clean jar that you have filled with the solution you made earlier. Dont allow any undissolved copper sulfate to spill into the jar. Dont let the seed crystal touch the sides or bottom of the jar.Place the jar in a location where it wont be disturbed. You can set a coffee filter or paper towel over the top of the container, but allow air circulation so that the liquid can evaporate.Check the growth of your crystal each day. If you see crystals starting to grow on the bottom, sides, or top of the container then remove the seed crystal and suspend it in a clean jar. Pour the solution into this jar. You dont want extra crystals growing because they will compete with your crystal and will slow its growth.When you are pleased with your crystal, you can remove it from the solution and allow it to dry.

The Psychology of Victims and Punishment of Offenders Term Paper

The Psychology of Victims and Punishment of Offenders - Term Paper Example Therefore, it transpires that the person undergoing a trial needs to be in a competent state of mind for standing trial and this covenant should form the basis of criminal jurisprudence. The Sixth Amendment confer on defendants the right to seek counsel to assess their competency and in major cases, the defense also includes mitigation specialists, who have â€Å"the ability to elicit sensitive, embarrassing and often humiliating evidence (example: family sexual abuse) that defendant may never have disclosed† (ABA Guidelines, 2003, p.959). Thus, before making a final conclusion about the competency of Edward Wilson, to stand trial, I would like to get a clarification of the following aspects: (a) Did Edward Wilson have any traumatic experience when he was a child and if he did, what was it? (b) Has there been any such instance in Edward’s behavior before the age of 17 and if so, what treatment the parents have offered him? (c) Was he born with a deficiency in IQ and has it been registered throughout his developmental stages? If so, what are the measures his parents have taken to remedy the issue? Has he been provided any special education? (d) At the age of 17 did he not take proper medication, which aggravated his condition and later he become schizophrenic. It looks like his parents have not taken adequate care in attending to his medication, due to which his condition worsened. Also, there is no indication that his paranoia has been properly treated by seeking expert advice. Therefore, I would request more information on this aspect to investigate the case completely. (e) How did his parents treat him before he suffered from paranoia and what changes were there after his disease surfaced? Has Wilson received adequate support from his family during the illness phase? (f) Had there been some serious problems other than usual sibling rivalry between him and his younger sister? (g) Which school and college did he go to? How was his behavior there a nd how did the people there treat him? (h) Who were his friends and how did he behave with them? How was his relation with his neighbors and peers? II. In order to evaluate the case in its full perspective and determine his fitness or otherwise to stand trial, I would like to interview more people for collateral contact about him: (a) The subject’s younger sister is his only living kin and the only person who is close enough to throw light into the back history of the family as well as their mutual relationship. (b) He makes association with the ‘lost rock of creation’ which seems to have a religious connotation. He sends a rock, with five animal faces carved into it, to the mayor, who was in the CIA. I believe the aspect of his attacking his younger sibling within the pretext remains to be explored fully. These aspects need to be determined to count or discount before he is sent to a full trial. (c) Besides, he makes reference to his father being a KGB agent and his mother a witch. I would like to interview all the psychologists or psychiatrists who were involved with his case or who treated him so far to understand his case and make proper evaluation. (d) I would like to meet Wilson’s defense counsel and ascertain from all the information he or she has about his client. (e) Besides, I would also like to interview the following people: 1. The principals and teachers of all the schools he has attended during his childhood into his adolescence. 2. The friends Wilson had during his

Article Reviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Article Reviews - Essay Example He brought with him a young boy and though it was too late, the judge allowed him to be sworn in to stand up for Good. The boy said he had seen it himself. The accuser had lied about the knife mysteriously breaking. The accuser was in trouble for lying to the judge. But Sarah Good , the alleged witch, was still sentenced to death. This became the start of something strange: a witch hunt. All people who seemed to be able to conduct something â€Å"magical† were hunted and it was throughout all of the New England states in America. An author Cotton Mather, had seen the effects of the people who were afflicted with this witchcraft. Blistered with fire, pins stuck into their flesh by invisible hands, convulsions, and scalded with hot water; these were just some of the claims of accounts afflicted upon people who said that they were affected by the witchcraft. Peoples only escape from conviction was to tell the truth, which was actually sometimes a lie. Many people died because they were found to be suspicious people; people of the devil. The author wrote this article to tell about the trials and oddities surrounding the Salem Witch Trials. It was a narrative telling about particular instances in trials and tribulations that described what it was like in New England during the time when everyone was out to chase and destroy whomever they thought practiced witchcraft, magic labeling them witches. This article was written as a news story that appeared in the area newspaper in Baltimore, Maryland in the mid 1800s to tell the story of how the hunt and execution of witches came to begin. The article originally began with the narration of the story of Sarah Good. But in this article, she was merely an example of what others had to expect if they were suspicioned of conducting witchcraft. The author barely touched on all of the occurrences during the