Rethink your Drink Essay

Based on the feedback that I received from my provider Mable Siow, a CFNP at the pueblo clinic, I chose a poster presentation. I am a school nurse in a Native American Pueblo and because of the high obesity rate we have among our young people, I chose to teach about high caloric drinks. A poster presentation was appropriate because of my audience. The theme of my presentation was â€Å"Rethink Your Drink† Please see photo below. My school conducted a small health fair in our gym, on Friday March 3rd 2010, I was able to create a poster board presentation exactly like the one depicted above. I added Red bull and Monster as I have confiscated these types of drinks from my middle school kids. The reaction and response I received from the kids and the parents was amazing. When you create a display such as this, it is easy enough to understand and the visual presentation is a very powerful tool in the teaching of how much sugar is consumed in each drink. By the time the parents and kids left my table, I received some very positive feedback. I also had handouts of information that I downloaded from the internet on the amount of calories that equal one teaspoon of sugar. For example, each teaspoon of sugar is equivalent to 16 calories. If you drink a 20 oz Mountain Dew, you are consuming 312 calories and 19. 5 teaspoons of sugar. The community setting was a combination of a public health clinic and a child care center. I am the school nurse and the audience consisted of my school kids, their parents and the school staff. I believe that this presentation made a big impact on how the parents will view these drinks in the future. Our dental hygienist was very happy to see the presentation and mentioned that she will borrow it for her clinic, as there are high numbers of kids with severe tooth decay.

Masters of Satire: John Dryden and Jonathan Swift Essay

â€Å"Both Swift and Dryden are masters of satire. Usually the satire is directed against an opponent/enemy or a political process. Using references from one poem from each writer, discuss how and why each uses satire and wit as a cutting sword.† John Dryden and Jonathan Swift became remarkable satirists through their ability to cleverly entwine political innuendos into their writings. There were mountains of governmental and religious issues occurring in the era of Dryden and Swift and these two witty men penned their standings into poetry and tales of adventure. Dryden’s â€Å"Absalom and Achitophel† is laced with his outlooks on England’s situations. He uses numerous moments of humor to make fun of the religious situation between the Catholics and the Protestants and also the political drama after the death of King Charles. His descriptions of the similarities between England’s issues and the many parallels to biblical problems are uncanny. Lines 433 through 438 are just on example of the satire Dryden weaved into his poem. â€Å"Would David have you thought his darling son? What means he then, to alienate the crown? The name of godly he may blush to bear: ‘Tis after God’s own heart to cheat his heir. He to his brother gives supreme command To you a legacy of barren land†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (890) Dryden was exposing the hypocrisy of King Charles who claimed to be a pious man, yet he shunned his own son. In â€Å"A Description of a City Shower†, Swift incorporated hints of political and class struggles in England. As I read this poem, I got the feeling that Swift was implying that, when national tragedy strikes (when it rains), no matter what class of citizen you are or political party you belong to, you  have the same reaction as everyone else. The King on down to the poorest peasant shares the need to survive. â€Å"Here various kinds, by various fortunes led, Commence acquaintance underneath a shed.† (968) I may have been off on what the author really wanted to express, but that is how I felt and I could not help but think of 9/11 and how the United States came together. Democrats, Republicans, Liberals, and every other political party came together under tragedy. This poem made me see the bond of nationality all over again.

United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 Assignment

United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 - Assignment Example The policies have the objective to prevent against the dangerous consequences, which are leading to climatic changes. Climate treaty was made in 1997 addressing the harmful effects of the carbon emission in the climate, which is known as the Kyoto Protocol (Vidal et al., 2009). The treaty was however unapproved by the major economic countries including the United States. It helped the developed countries but the developing countries were not at all happy with the treaty. The developing countries like China and India also opposed to this treaty as 50% reduction in emission will wreck their economy. The nations looked forward for an agreement which will help them to develop their economy and also prevent the harmful effects of emission (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009). The United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Copenhagen, Denmark from 7th December to 19th December, 2009. It was the conference which included 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 1 5) to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNCCC) and the fifth meeting to the Kyoto Protocol. It is basically the continuation of Kyoto Protocol. It marked the conclusion of the two years negotiating process, which enhanced the international climate change collaboration between the countries. More than 115 world leaders attended the conference along with 40,000 people who are the advisors or the governmental or the non-governmental organizations (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009). The conference took place with the aim of addressing the adverse effects of the climatic change that is taking place with the emission of the carbon and green house gases. The developing countries hoped that the Copenhagen Conference will make a fair deal for them by settling the issue of the dangerous climatic changes. But the conference went through a lot of controversies for a week as the developing countries like China and India pointed out that the conferenc e has not been transparent to them. Lot of decisions was made prior to the summit and that news infuriated China. The leakage of the news that European Union has agreed to cut down carbon emission about 50% along with other developed countries. They have completed industrialization so they can afford to cut the emission to that extent. But the developing countries like China, India, etc cannot afford to reduce the emission to that extent because that will bring an end to their economic development. China in alliance with India said that the Copenhagen Conference was held only to make a show off by the European Nations after Kyoto Protocol was opposed by all the developing countries. They even pointed out the fact that the conference aimed at creating a pressure on the developing countries as all the decisions are made before the conference only. United Kingdom (UK) which is the member state of European Union had experienced increase in the carbon emission till 1990 basically due to the extensive manufacture of the short term consumer goods. But with the initiation of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, the government of UK was forced to reduce the emission by 50%. As UK has been a developed country it did not face that much problem in reducing to that extent. In 2009, when the Copenhagen Conference was held they have their own set of mission and vision before coming to the conference which are given below (Anup, 2009). a) Mission of United Kingdom

Death Penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Death Penalty - Essay Example There can be just a kind of crimes. when it should be applied. However, this creates a risk of the innocent killed. The issue remains controversial and now the every country is to decide if to use it or not. The main criterion is, of course, the effectiveness of death penalty. Abolition of capital punishment is a major term for European Community members. The same refers to economic and political partners of EC such as Ukraine, Russia or Croatia. On the other hand, this type of punishment was not abolished in the USA. First of all, relationship between homicide rate and deterrence should be identified. Till the end of 1970th in the United States cross-state comparison of homicide rates was applied. This approach did not allow identifying regional, ethnic, age differences of crimes throughout the country. Considering federal structure of the USA, the statistic tool should be oriented on regional variety and deterrent effect measurement. According to Paul Rubin, multiple-regression analysis meets the above requirements better, because it is applied to counties. â€Å"The analysis then can implicitly calculate the effect of each execution on the number of homicides that would otherwise have occurred.† (Rubin, 2002) This method of analysis even deals with a large discrepancy in date of crime commission and execution, which varies up to 10 – 15 years. Besides, results of the research reflect demographic, ethnic, sex, and age characteristics of the counties. This statistical tool proves deterrent effect of the death penalty in all over the country. For example, 95% confidence interval estimate reveals reduction of homicides by 8% - 28%. Nevertheless, the death penalty does not imply socially desirable deterrence. Robert Cottrol makes a historical overview of this type of punishment in the United States. The factors of publicity, criminal statistics, and method of

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 34

Case Study Example The GP refers Daphne to a geriatrician for a comprehensive geriatric assessment. Before the assessment is undertaken, Daphne falls heavily in the shower and fractures her hip. Timothy contacts Jonathon, who calls an ambulance and after assessing Daphne the paramedics transfer her to hospital. Following surgery Daphne spends a month mobilising in the rehabilitation ward before being transferred to the sub-acute Transitional Care Unit. Here she is assessed for continuing transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and for further signs of cognitive impairment and memory loss. At the multidisciplinary team case conference it is decided that, due to Daphne’s increasing frailty and cognitive decline, her discharge planning will include an ACAT Assessment for high level care in a Residential Aged Care Facility (RACF). As Daphne’s Enduring Guardian and Power of Attorney, Timothy is contacted to participate in a family case conference with the multidisciplinary team, consisting of a geriatrician, resident medical officer (RMO), physiotherapist, occupational therapi st, dietician, social worker, and a transitional unit registered nurse responsible for discharge planning. Q1: In your allocated role as part of the HOSPITAL multidisciplinary team in the case conference, what are the issues you need to consider in order for Daphne to be admitted to residential care? - 150 words As an occupational therapist, my role is to assess the home environment to make recommendations for residential care. The ability that Daphne has to look after herself needs to be taken into account, as someone who is unable to carry out daily life without significant help may require admission into residential care. As part of the hospital-based team, I would also consider what type of residential care that Daphne might need – some residential care homes offer

Art History Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art History Project - Assignment Example This is because some symbolic pieces of the art play a single or multiple importances in creating a formidable icon, for either unifying the communities or prohibiting immoral actions in the societal living (Penelope 10-360). Therefore, this paper aims at demonstrating the way art fostered peace and security through conflict and violence management in the turbulent world. One of the major pieces of art used in the earlier times was the architecture, which involved the process of designing, planning, and construction. The nature of the physical buildings and other physical structures had their own meanings. The material notion of the building structures were perceived to be the cultural symbols and more so, the art work. Different historical civilizations were mostly identified by their way of architectural advancements in order to survive the strength of their practices. This is because different civilizations were also competing with rival territories even in terms of architectural advancements such as designs and making plans for their structures. Another piece of art was the dances. Every early civilization had their own style of dancing, which could be uniquely identified by other communities or societies. The dance is a form of art that involves the body movement, often rhythmic to music. It is mostly performed by different cultural diversities for social interactions, expression of emotions, for exercise, performance, or spiritual settings. The dancing was also performed to tell the stories or express the ideas. The dancing styles were used in historical civilizations to show moral sensibilities, cultural and social norms, or even being only artistic. The dancing were always performed in ceremonies in a given cultural practices including the solving of conflicts and disputed. In some cultural diversity, dancing was used to unite the civilization, and every dancing style had its symbolic meaning that an enemy could not understand. The third piece of art th at was used to ensure peace and security in various conflict societies is sculptures. Sculptures are modeled or carved structures that are mostly made of stones, ceramics, wood, and metal that represents the surviving works, that were used to express the political and religious phenomenon. During the Middle Ages and Gothic, the sculptures represented the passions and agonies of Christian faithful in order to live peacefully on one another. The scriptures united the all Christian faithful across the world, and acted as a single symbolisms of being a follower of Christ. The other piece of arts that was used to unite the conflicting world was the music. Music is a form of art where the sound and silence was its medium. Their elements were rhythms, pitch such as harmony and melody, dynamics, and other qualities of texture and timbre. The music performance, creation, significance, and the definition differed according to the social and cultural contexts. The music or the melodies in anci ent societies ensured a single society since every community had their own musical melodies, and each had a unifying influences. The fifth piece of art that ensure a unified societal living among the communities is the painting. Painting is a practice of coloring or applying pigments or rather paints. Moreover, the paintings were also commonly used in outside art in trade among the builders and craftsmen. It

Biochemistry lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Biochemistry - Lab Report Example Paper chromatography is actually liquid-liquid chromatography, the paper should not be considered as solid phase, but the water molecules trapped in the cellulose of the paper form the ‘stationary’ phase. To saturate the cellulose, most paper chromatographic solvents have some amount of water in it. So the components with very high water solubility will move slower ( Parà © and Bà ©langer, 1997). Method: A 60:40 v/v acetonitrile: ammonium ethonate mobile phase is made, pH 7.2, and placed in a covered tall jar. Aqueous solutions of amino acids are spotted on the specified location (origin) on the stationary phase using a capillary and allowed to dry. The stationary phase is then put into the jar with mobile phase and allowed to run for 40 minutes. Mark the solvent front. Make sure the solvent stays well below the top edge. The stationary phase is then dried and sprayed with ninhydrin solution in the fume hood, and heated to allow the color to develop. From the Rf values (Table 1) it seems neither molecular weight nor the polarity had any significant effect on the migration. Glycine being the smallest did not travel the farthest. Looking at both, Rf and the color developed the sample X is Lysine and Y is Proline. Finger prints are seen on both the lateral sides of the paper, probably at the places used to handle the paper. They appear due to reaction between ninhydrin and the terminal amines of the lysine de-bonded from the amino acid. Also the sweat-gland secretions in the ridges of the fingers has proteins too (Sens,Simmons and Spicer, 1985). Conclusion: Paper chromatography can be used to separate amino acid from a mixture of amino acids. The migration of amino acids on the solid phase is a complex interplay between the molecular eight, shape, structure and polarity of the amino acids and their affinity towards the solid and the mobile phase. Use of ninhydrin to identify amino

Intrapreneurial marketing plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intrapreneurial marketing plan - Assignment Example 140). The old method of identifying the demand and then, gathering organizational resources to fulfill is not at all applicable in the modern era of the 21st century. The information technology and internet has transformed the globe into a global village and therefore, the competition in every industry is cutthroat. The number of competitors in every field is mounting significantly (Keller pp.150). The level of competition killed those companies that attempted to identify the demand in the marketplace. In the contemporary organizational arena, the companies have to work towards fulfillment of customers’ psychological needs. The approach of celebrity endorsement has been conceptualized and developed in the light of Maslow’s theory as people like to attain attachment with famous people (McCracken pp. 315). Thusly, it can be established that psychological value is the most effective way of winning customer loyalty in the current times. But, the companies that can create so me new way to fulfilling the customer’s existing needs can do well as well because the people of modern world love creativity as the living standards are improving in all parts of the world simultaneously. The customers are finding innovative companies that have the capacity to meet their real needs in a different and unique manner. Additionally, it is also important to note that the modern clientele is reverting towards quality and the concept of psychological value is deforming with the passage of time. However, the world of consumerism is ending and the people are getting more and more interested in maximizing their utility with efficiency. But, one industry remained quite profitable in all periods and it is called the entertainment commerce (Moscardo and Pearce pp. 473). The work environment is getting increasingly challenging and therefore people attempt to spend their downtime in relaxing and enjoying. The notion of theme park is developed in order to give customers an opportunity to interact with their favorite cartoon characters. The entertainment industry is known to remain blooming in every possible economic conditions because people will always keep ending up tired and exhausted at the weekends and then, they will require some place to get rid of their tiredness. Therefore, it will be very fruitful to open a theme park based on famous film characters. The suggested model of theme park will supposedly be based on Star Trek The Next Generation that is a famous sci-fi Television series of 1980s. All of the American population is believed to be a fan of scientific movies and therefore, the idea will be purchased like hot cakes in the local marketplace. The industry of theme park is relatively slow in terms of absorbing new technologies whereas, it offers the greatest level of return on assets. In addition, the humans have a tendency to pay generously against the services that have the power and ability to alleviate work stress. Furthermore, the c ompany may have the luxury to outsource the operational level management and thusly, it will be able to make pure profit in the form of rent and royalty. The fear and threat of technological obsolesce is minimal in the featured industry. Moreover, the attractive level of financial returns will assist the company in bringing advance level technology change more rapidly and swiftly. The notion of psychological value will also be satisfied with the help of giving people a chance to interact with

Reflective diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Reflective diary - Essay Example of communicating effectively through training and development; however, most of the learning is acquired through automatic learning in natural settings. In either case, effective communication has proved critical throughout my life, both in school and at home. Effective communication involves skills such as active listening, nonverbal communication skills, stress management, and emotional control. In writing this reflective diary, I used the Cook’s 4R’s of reflective practice because it is simple and straightforward to use. Cook’s model of reflection consists of four stages; these are recollection, reaction, reflection, and response. During the beginning of this module, I engaged in effective communication with my peers and tutors. Some cases required active learning among the peers as we progressed through the module. Communication with the Course Committee also required engaging in sending and receiving messages with great caution, as it was necessary to ensure both parties send and receive the messages in their exact forms. While we were making groups for role-play, it was sometimes difficult to reach amicable solutions to issues especially those that were characterized with conflicting decisions. We had to sit down as a group and discuss all issues that were affecting the process of our role-play. We accepted our individual differences and cultural diversities, and focused on the goals of our assignment. Effective communication was a critical ingredient in this process. The Course Committee advised us to seek clarification all the time in case we had any issues with preparation of the role-play and reflectiv e diary preparation. I learnt various methods of communication in delivering messages. These methods include written, oral, and non-verbal communication. Written messages are the most frequently used mode of communication in organizations (Holliday, Hyde, and Kullman, 2010). The types of written communication include memos, letters, periodicals,

Plutonium and Internet Start-Up Company Essay Example for Free

Plutonium and Internet Start-Up Company Essay Plutonium and internet start-up company which was founded at the beginning of the technology boom was developing the technological systems necessary to support the rapidly expanding user base. Plutonium purchased an expensive and complex billing system to automate the billing of internet accounts using a credit card to integrate its system. Jonathan, the manager of operations department, was given the phony credit card to help fix corrupted accounts created by the launch and integration. Chris an employee of Plutonium, who very knowledgeable and trusted was given the phony credit card number. Chris was using the credit card to access websites that have pirated software and music. After an FBI investigation, Chris was warned and put into probation. Jonathan was asked to write a warning letter to Chris. Few months later, Jonathan noticed a change in Chris’s behavior. He was making unusual purchases, such as Palm Pilots, MP3 Players. The first element of the fraud triangle is pressure. Every fraud perpetrator faces some kind of perceived pressure. Most pressures involve a financial need, although nonfinancial pressures, such as the need to report financial results better than actual performance, frustration with work, or even a challenge to beat the system, can also motivate fraud. Financial pressures often motivate misappropriation frauds by employees. Common pressures such as living beyond one’s means, greed, high debt, unrecognized performance and inadequate pay could lead employees to fraud. Chris had several perceived pressures to commit fraud. He has a family to support and he earned minimal wages compared to other who has his skills. Chris could have a student loan and other debts he has to pay in addition to taking care of his family. That could have caused him a lot of pressure. The second element of the fraud triangle is perceived opportunity. â€Å"The opportunity to commit and conceal fraud when a company has unclear policies and procedures, fails to teach and stress corporate honesty, and fails to prosecute those who perpetrate fraud. † (Romney 129). The opportunity for fraud is created when employees are given access to records and valuable information. In the case of Chris, he had the opportunity to commit fraud because he has the expertise in technology. He has the phony credit card given to him by his manager and he was able to use that without the knowledge of his manager or co-workers. The third element of fraud triangle is rationalization. Rationalization allows perpetrators to justify their illegal behavior. For example, a fraudster can rationalize by saying, â€Å"I only took what they owed me. Or the rules do not apply to me†. Perpetrators rationalize that they are not being dishonest, that honesty is not required of them, or that they value what they take more than honesty and integrity. â€Å"Some perpetrators rationalize that they are not hurting a real person, but a faceless and nameless computer system or an impersonal company that will not miss the money. † (Romney 130). Christ could have thought that he was underpaid and by using these credit cards he was not hurting anyone. He might have also used the lack of underpayment as justification for the use of the company’s credit cards for personal gain.

The Life Of Edvard Grieg Music Essay

The Life Of Edvard Grieg Music Essay When thinking of the great musical traditions that abound in Europe, it could probably be expected that the main influential cultures that have contributed to these musical traditions are the Germans, Italians, French, and English. From Bach to Brahms and everyone in between, these four cultures seemed to have generated the greatest of composers. Thus, it wouldnt be expected that a man from Norway, a country not at all noted for their musical prowess or persuasion, would produce a composer of the highest quality. But from Norway, a man named Edvard Grieg proved that other parts and cultures of Europe could also fashion composers of the highest quality and contribute to Europes great musical traditions. Born on June 15, 1843, Edvard Grieg was born into a successful merchant family who traded dried fish and lobster across the North Sea. His father helped run the family business and his mother was regarded as the best piano teacher in their hometown of Bergen. Since he was not the eldest son, he had the ability to pursue his interests in music and not worry about carrying on the family business as much as his older brother did. From early on, he displayed much interest in music, with his mother teaching him to play the piano from age six. Grieg would explore different tunes on his own for hours on the piano, though not always the most disciplined of students. He much preferred exploring and improvising his own sounds on the instrument than sticking to the regimented piano method set by his mother. However, despite the certain amount of reluctance, he excelled in his music studies and continued on the path that he was truly destined to become an artist. Studying music may have been a chore for the young musician, but he had a greater disdain for his other studies in school. When he was ten years old, Grieg was enrolled at the Tanks School, one of the leading schools at the time with strict and demanding expectations. He would try to find any and every excuse to avoid going to school. During the summer, the family would go to their estate far out in the countryside, which made the daily travel to school even farther. Grieg would sometimes also have to trek in rainy weather, something that he learned to embrace rather than dislike. Students who showed up wet to class were often dismissed so they could return home to change. Its been said that Grieg, in an attempt to avoid school, would sometimes stand under a gutter so as to become much more wet in a lot less time. The trick initially proved effective until the teacher realized that one student was always more wet than the others especially when there hardly was any rain. Generally, his grades were less than satisfactory. However, when the teacher had asked one time who had composed a work called Requiem, the young Grieg immediately answered, Mozart. The class was astounded that this student, who rarely spoke up in class, knew the answer that no one else even heard of, earning him the nickname Mosak. It was obvious where his interests were. At the familys countryside estate during the summer of 1858, Grieg met the Norwegian violin virtuoso Ole Bull, who was close friends and actually a relative by marriage to Griegs parents. During the visit, Grieg performed for the violinist which included some pieces the young composer wrote. At the conclusion of the performance, Ole Bulls expression turned serious and went to speak with Griegs parents. When he returned, Ole Bull was thrilled to announce to Grieg that his parents agreed to allow the youngster to attend the Leipzig Conservatory. This moment, Grieg later recalled, was the single most important event in his life. In the autumn of 1858, Edvard Grieg, then only 15 years old, ended his education in Norway and went to the Leipzig Conservatory in Germany to study music. The Conservatory was founded in 1843 by Felix Mendelsohn, and was reckoned to be the best and most modern conservatory in Europe. Even though Grieg had always aspired to become an artist, he had to adapt to this new environment especially coming from a small city like Bergen to a European metropolis with narrow streets, tall buildings and crowds of people. Due to homesickness and language-problems, Grieg initially had some difficulties adjusting to his new home, but eventually, he became very comfortable in this new place. His teachers were among the most eminent in Europe: Ignaz Moscheles in piano (also the director of the Conservatory at the time), Carl Reinecke in composition, and Moritz Hauptmann, whom Edvard Grieg had the greatest respect for. During his stay in Leipzig, Edvard Grieg came in contact with the best of Europes music traditions. He first studied the works of Mozart and Beethoven, but also the compositions of contemporary composers such as Mendelsohn, Schumann, and Wagner. Grieg enjoyed the numerous concerts and recitals given in Leipzig. He disliked the discipline of the Conservatory course of study, yet he still achieved very good grades in most areas, an exception being the organ, which was mandatory for piano students. In the spring of 1860, he contracted pleuritt, a form of tuberculosis, which affected him for the rest of his life. His left lung collapsed, which made his back bend and greatly reduced his lung-capacity. Nevertheless, the following year, on August 18, 1861, he made his debut as a concert pianist, in Karlshamn, Sweden. He graduated from the Conservatory with excellent marks in 1862 and left as a full-fledged musician and composer. His first concert after graduating was held in his home town of Bergen, which included a performance of Beethovens Pathà ©tique Sonata. Among other works performed at this concert was his String Quartet in D-minor, a work that has disappeared without a trace. Griegs goal was to compose Norwegian music, but as a realist, he knew that he had to go abroad to get in contact with an environment that could aide him in developing as a composer. In the years up to 1866, Grieg lived in Copenhagen, Denmark, the only Scandinavian city with a rich cultural life on an international level, leaving it only to make brief study trips. In Copenhagen, there were other composers like Niels W. Gade, Emil Hornemann, Winding, and Mathison-Hansen. Probably the most inspirational to Grieg was Niels W. Gade. After having composed his only piano sonata and his first violin sonata, he took them to Gade for his opinion. Its been said that when Gade was really inspired, he drank great amounts of water. That day, the old maestro emptied four huge decanters. Gade encouraged Grieg to compose a symphony. The work was performed several times, but Grieg later refused to acknowledge it. Never to be performed, were the words he wrote on the score. However, it eventually was rediscovered in the twentieth century and performed again, and it was even recorded. This fruit of Griegs early years was certainly nothing to be ashamed of, and it provides todays listeners with a broader view of the composers artistic and musical development. The symphony displays Griegs considerable technical skill, and new works naturally poured forth from his creativity. Griegs style was based on the German romantic tradition of music, but eventually, national awareness developed within him, coupled with a growing need to create a typical Norwegian style of music. This further developed through his friendships and discussions with other young composers from Norway. While in Copenhagen, Grieg met another Norwegian composer named Rikard Nordraak, who had a huge impact on Griegs evolution towards becoming a composer of Norwegian music. Nordraak is probably best remembered as being the composer of Norways national anthem. As a composer, he had not attained Griegs level, but he had strong views on how to create music based on the old folk melodies. Even though Grieg was the one with the most solid background from a Conservatory, he looked up to Nordraak as his idol. Nordraaks enthusiasm for everything Norwegian was passed on to Grieg. Grieg later said about Nordraak: He opened my eyes for the importance in music that isnt music. Nordraak died in 1866, and Grieg composed a funeral march in his honor. Grieg met several other people in Copenhagen that became his lifelong friends, the most important being his first cousin, Nina Hagerup. They had grown up together in Bergen, but Nina moved with her family to Copenhagen when she was eight years. Nina was an excellent pianist, but it was her beautiful voice that truly captivated Grieg. Ninas mother was an instructor at the theatre and may perhaps be one of the reasons why Nina became famous for the interpretation and performance of texts instead of being purely technical. The couple fell in love and was secretly engaged in 1864. This engagement was not well received by either family. Griegs father warned his son against the commitments of starting a family. He felt Grieg couldnt support a wife and family when his income came from conducting, performing, and composing. Ninas mother was much harsher. She said Grieg had nothing, cannot do anything, and makes music nobody cares to listen to. In the spring of 1865, they officially announced their engagement, and on this occasion, Grieg presented to his fiancà ©e four songs he composed for her with texts by their good friend, Hans Christian Andersen (Melodies of the Heart, Op. 5). In spite of the true love between Edvard and Nina, both of their parents were not present at the couples wedding on the June 11, 1867. The Griegs went from Copenhagen to Kristiania (known today as Oslo) in order to participate in the building of a Norwegian environment for music in the Norwegian capital. During this time, Grieg was influenced by the composer Otto Winter-Hjelm. Winter-Hjelm saw clearly how the elements of folk music could be used to create a national type of music along more impressive lines. Another influential composer was Ludvig Mathias Lindeman, whose collection of Norwegian folk melodies formed an important basis for Griegs further development. Later, Grieg went in search of folk music in its native environment. The written notes of folk music could not reproduce the special atmosphere and the almost magical rhythms and harmonies that the folk musicians created live from their instruments. Their time in Kristiania (known today as Oslo) also became a period of hard labor, both concerning the establishing of a Norwegian musical life and concerning their daily income. The familys income came from the various jobs Grieg took as a conductor and piano teacher. Also, their daughter Alexandra was born on the April 10, 1868. The same year, Grieg composed his brilliant Piano Concerto in A Minor, during a stay in Denmark. With the passing of time, the Piano Concerto has become almost synonymous with Norway. It has become part of the piano music repertoire and is frequently performed throughout the world. The concerto has the ability to call to mind strong associations with Norway in both performers and the audience. Though patterned to some extent on European models, Grieg has succeeded in bringing these together with elements of Norwegian folk music and his own personal conceptions of Norwegian nature and the Norwegian character. His musical style has become identical to the Norwegian intonation. This masterpiece became Griegs final breakthrough as a composer, and after this performance, he was considered as one of the greatest composers in his time. The concerto was first performed in the Casino Theater in Copenhagen on April 3, 1869, with Edmund Neupert as pianist and Holger Simon Pauli as conductor. Grieg himself was unable to be there due to conducting commitments in Kristiania. The joy of the success as a composer was short-lived when on May 21, 1869, their daughter Alexandra died from meningitis while visiting their family in Bergen. The fact that they no longer had a child could be the main reason why Edvard and Nina did not become a normal couple. Instead, they ended up as a two artists that travelled around Europe without a stable home. This situation became more apparent in 1875 when Griegs parents died. They now did not even have a home in Bergen to return to. In addition to this, Grieg felt that he had stagnated artistically. The situation reached a critical point in 1883 when Grieg left his wife. It was Griegs friend, Frants Beyer, who persuaded Grieg to reconcile with Nina, and they went to Rome in order to start the reconciling process. Frants Beyer also convinced Grieg that he needed a stable home, something to come home to after long tours abroad. Beyer helped Grieg to buy a place at Hop, in the outskirts of his hometown Bergen, and in 1885, Edv ard and Nina Grieg moved into their villa at Troldhaugen. In 1868, Franz Liszt, who had not yet met Grieg, wrote a testimonial for him to the Norwegian Ministry of Education, which led to Grieg obtaining a travel grant. The two men met in Rome in 1870. On Griegs first visit, they went over Griegs Violin Sonata No. 1, which Liszt immensely enjoyed. On his second visit, in April, Grieg brought with him the manuscript of his Piano Concerto, which Liszt proceeded to sightread (including the orchestral arrangement). Liszts rendition impressed his audience, although Grieg gently pointed out to him that he played the first movement too quickly. Liszt also gave Grieg some advice on orchestration, for example, to give the melody of the second theme in the first movement to a solo trumpet. His encounter with Franz Liszt and the artistic circles in Rome gave him fresh inspiration and self-confidence. Fired with new energy and enthusiasm he returned to Kristiania in 1870, where he initiated a productive cooperation with Bjornstjerne Bjornson, who for many years had been waiting for a composer that could write Norwegian music brought life his poems and dramas. In 1871, the poem Before a Southern Convent (for soprano, contralto, ladies choir and orchestra) was the first fruit of this collaboration. Inspired by its success, Bjornson, in the same year, started on the dramatic poem Bergliot, which, with its rugged realism, inspired Grieg to attempt a far more daring musical language than previously. In the spring of 1872, Bjornson and Grieg presented the result of yet another cooperation, the scenic drama Sigurd Jorsalfar. The conscious search for national roots and identity in Nordic antiquity was continued in Olav Trygvason. The idea was to create a monumental musical drama, but Bjornson never completed more than the first three acts. The work remained a fragment, but Griegs music gives us some idea of what a magnificent national opera, and as well as perhaps a major opera composer, were lost. The project was abandoned, but Griegs dramatic talents were put to a new test when the playwright, Henrik Ibsen, asked him to write the incidental music to the play Peer Gynt. Edvard Grieg met Henrik Ibsen for the first time in Rome in 1866. Ibsen immediately felt that Edvard Grieg was an artist with unusual musical and intellectual capacities. He and Grieg had the same views on Ibsens famous drama Brand. This was one of the reasons Grieg was chosen when in 1874, Ibsen planned a staging of of the story of Peer Gynt with music. Grieg accepted the task and started immediately with great enthusiasm. But setting music to Peer Gynt was not as easy as he had thought it would be. On the February 24, 1876, the play was performed for the first time in the Kristiania Theater in Oslo and was an immediate success. Alongside the work with Peer Gynt, Grieg also set music to six poems by Ibsen (Op. 25). In 1888 and in 1893, Grieg published respectively the Peer Gynt Suite I and II, which contained the most popular melodies from the play Peer Gynt. These two suites are among the most played orchestral pieces in our time. Griegs later life brought him fame. In 1874, the Norwegian government awarded him a pension, and he could support himself without needing to teach or to conduct. He returned to his home town of Bergen. The framework now seemed ideal for a productive period in his life. Instead, it was a time of both personal and artistic crisis. A period of depression, and Griegs struggle to overcome it led, nevertheless, to the creation of profound and gripping works of a high quality. The ambitious Ballad in G minor for piano and string quartet reflects the turmoil in his soul and his struggle to perfect both form and content. On his many journeys in Europe, he met, and became a good friend of, other composers like Peter Tchaikovsky, Johannes Brahms, Franz Liszt, Frederic Delius, Camille Saint-Saens, Julius Rà ¶ntgen, Edward MacDowell, and more. He influenced other composers, such as Bela Bartok, Maurice Ravel, and Claude Debussy. In the spring 1903, Grieg made nine 78-rpm gramophone recordings of his piano music in Paris, which are still accessible today. Grieg also help to create live-recording player piano music rolls for the Welte-Mignon reproducing system, all of which survive today and can be heard. In 1906, he met the composer and pianist Percy Grainger in London. Grainger was a great admirer of Griegs music and a strong empathy was quickly established. In a 1907 interview, Grieg stated: I have written Norwegian Peasant Dances that no one in my country can play, and here comes this Australian who plays them as they ought to be played! He is a genius that we Scandinavians cannot do other than love. One September 4, 1907, at the age of 64 years old, Edvard Grieg died in Bergen after a long period of illness. His final words were said to be, Well, if it must be so. The funeral drew between 30,000 and 40,000 people out on the streets of his home town to honor him. Following his wish, his own Funeral March in memory of Rikard Nordraak was played in an orchestration by his friend Johan Halvorsen. In addition, the Funeral March movement from Chopins Piano Sonata No. 2 was played. His and his wifes ashes are entombed in a mountain crypt near his house, Troldhaugen. Griegs piano works are incredible teaching literature, and had maintained their prominent place in piano teaching throughout the entire first half of the 20th century. The encounter with Grieg for piano students can prove to be a strong and intense experience because to them, Griegs music is a new musical discovery. At Troldhaugen, a concert hall and museum was constructed in the composers honor. In the course of a single morning during the summer months, as many as 4,000 people from all over the world come to Troldhaugen, brought here by the desire to experience the music of Norways greatest composer. Concert performances of Griegs music have become an important part of Troldhaugen museums offerings to the public. The music of Grieg continues to captivate and inspire listeners around the world. His music has been infused in popular culture as well as in classical music halls. His unique blend of Norwegian folk song with the broader musical styles of Europe creates melodies and harmonies unlikely any other. Indeed, from Norway, a man named Edvard Grieg proved that other parts and cultures of Europe could in fact fashion composers of the highest quality. He truly was a composer of the highest quality and a first-class musician, forever to be remembered.

Governmental Involvement in the Business World :: Essays Papers

Governmental Involvement in the Business World The government has played a role in business in our history. They have had positive as well as negative effects on business in America. That is what I am going to be looking at for this essay. The government has played a vital part in issues such as the excessive power that businesses have had. The government has also helped get rid of many kinds of prejudices against women, the elderly, the poor, the disabled, and against many racial and ethnic minorities. These changes began with the New Deal being of Roosevelt. After the implementation of the New Deal the wage gap began to gradually close between the richest and the poorest of Americans. This can be credited to laws and along with other government actions that were put into place during Roosevelt's presidency. Things such as Social Security, unemployment benefits, minimum wage all these things and much more were introduced by the government to better the lives of the working public. Government supervision increased in the 1930s and several industries became regulated by the government, such as trucking, airlines, electric utilities, and interstate gas. Other industries as well were kept under government regulation until the 1970s and 80s when they realized that the New Deal ideas that were passed in an emergency, were inappropriate in the long run for certain industries. The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 required that all companies that were traded on the stock exchanges as well as banking firms and securities industries issue to stockholders and to the government detailed annual reports. These would contain information essential to the consumers. Also railroads and utilities were required to submit annual reports to regulatory commissions. The regulatory commissions and the annual reports were created to make sure that laws would be followed. The laws benefited the investment banking industry in the long run, because it helped companies sell stocks and bonds by giving investors confidence in the decisions they were making. The early 1930s were a time of serious deflation and federal price supports were

Comparing the Book and Stage Versions of Dracula :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing the Book and Stage Versions of Dracula    The play was very enjoyable. It brought to life many of the most interesting aspects of the book. There were however some differences, that, having just read the book, were very obvious to me. However, this altering of the Dracula novel, did not diminish my enjoyment of the play production. I was very impressed by the special effects and thoroughly enjoyed Friday night's play.    It started off at the very beginning. The opening introduction was by Renfield. In the book, Renfield was not introduced until more towards the middle. Stephen Dietz, the playwright, used a different sense of time in the play. The novel was pretty much chronological. Things happened in the order they were presented to the reader. In the play, however, there were many flashbacks. One such example, was Jonathan Harker's time at Dracula's castle. This episode opens the book for us, but this was a flashback towards the middle of the play. I think that the use of time alteration helped the plot of the play move better because Dietz could put certain events where they fitted best. He also ended the play in a different manner: a closing soliloquy by Van Helsing. This differed from the book, as it let the audience have time to calm down, because like the novel, the play did come to a rather rapid conclusion.    Another difference that is noticed right away, is that Quincey Morris, and Arthur Holmwood (later Lord Godalming), are not in the play. Dietz probably decided that too many male characters on the stage would just confuse the audience. It would have been fine, except that they (Quincey and Arthur) were both mentioned in the first act. If Dietz had just deleted those characters fully then it would not have been so confusing. (Note: Dietz may have felt it was necessary to mention Holmwood, because otherwise why would Lucy turn down Dr. Seward when he asked her to marry her. However, there was no need to mention Quincey Morris if he was not part of the story).    Another difference between the play and novel, was that, at the very end, Dracula was finally killed (i.e. stake put through his heart) by Mina. In the novel, she was incapacitated (not decapitated HA) and Harker and Morris killed Dracula. Comparing the Book and Stage Versions of Dracula :: comparison compare contrast essays Comparing the Book and Stage Versions of Dracula    The play was very enjoyable. It brought to life many of the most interesting aspects of the book. There were however some differences, that, having just read the book, were very obvious to me. However, this altering of the Dracula novel, did not diminish my enjoyment of the play production. I was very impressed by the special effects and thoroughly enjoyed Friday night's play.    It started off at the very beginning. The opening introduction was by Renfield. In the book, Renfield was not introduced until more towards the middle. Stephen Dietz, the playwright, used a different sense of time in the play. The novel was pretty much chronological. Things happened in the order they were presented to the reader. In the play, however, there were many flashbacks. One such example, was Jonathan Harker's time at Dracula's castle. This episode opens the book for us, but this was a flashback towards the middle of the play. I think that the use of time alteration helped the plot of the play move better because Dietz could put certain events where they fitted best. He also ended the play in a different manner: a closing soliloquy by Van Helsing. This differed from the book, as it let the audience have time to calm down, because like the novel, the play did come to a rather rapid conclusion.    Another difference that is noticed right away, is that Quincey Morris, and Arthur Holmwood (later Lord Godalming), are not in the play. Dietz probably decided that too many male characters on the stage would just confuse the audience. It would have been fine, except that they (Quincey and Arthur) were both mentioned in the first act. If Dietz had just deleted those characters fully then it would not have been so confusing. (Note: Dietz may have felt it was necessary to mention Holmwood, because otherwise why would Lucy turn down Dr. Seward when he asked her to marry her. However, there was no need to mention Quincey Morris if he was not part of the story).    Another difference between the play and novel, was that, at the very end, Dracula was finally killed (i.e. stake put through his heart) by Mina. In the novel, she was incapacitated (not decapitated HA) and Harker and Morris killed Dracula.

Learning Disabilities Essays -- Special Education

â€Æ' Case Study on Learning Disabilities Learning about learning disabilities has been an eye opening experience. I have worked with children who had home life issues that they struggled with at school. But to see and realize that these children cannot change how their brain operates is difficult to watch. My case study is a typical young boy who really doesn’t want to be in school. He would rather be with his dad hunting with guns in the woods. I know now that he probably dislikes school because he struggles with completing the tasks and assignments given to him. Hopefully, this study will provide me with more insight into ways that I could help him and others like him once I become a certified teacher. A Look at the Classroom TC (a pseudonym) is a young third grader at a local elementary school. The school looks and feels like any typical elementary school anywhere in North Carolina. However, when you walk down the hall to the EC class is located, you see a room that has little light on inside. Occasionally there will be lights on but for the most part they are not. Once you quietly enter the room, one notices a whiteboard on the immediate right with a small group of 10-12 desks side by side in a â€Å"U† shape facing the board. The remainder of the room is divided into three sections. Each section has a â€Å"C† shaped table for the special needs teacher and the teacher assistant. In the last section closest to the wall, there is a metal swing hanging from a metal stand. There are several computers in the two outer divided sections but only the three computers by the teacher’s area are active. These appear to be where extra time is rewarded on these computers to play educat ional games. Because of the way the room is des... ...lout in a separate room with a small group away from the general education class. His general education classes/events include Science/Social Studies, Recess, Lunch, Field Trips and Assemblies, Art/Media/PE/Technology. Within his IEP is noted the justification for special needs services. TC needs services due to his weakness in working memory and nonverbal reasoning. He needs a small group setting with direct explicit, systematic and multi-modal instruction. He also needs repetition with his instruction and practice with the material learned. It is my hope that TC will continue to improve in his work, if he can maintain enough interest in school. Hopefully someone can provide the extra encouragement he needs to move through the difficult years of school. If he doesn’t have an attitude change about school, he will probably be one of those that dropout.

Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business

Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business BUS/475 Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business A successful strategic plan must be based on the company's mission, vision, and values. The purpose of this paper is to define a selected business, products, services, and customers by creating a mission statement. In addition, this paper contains a vision for the organization that demonstrate the expected future for the business, and it will define the company values considering important topics such as culture, social responsibility, and ethics.It will also analyze how the vision, mission, and values guide the company's strategic direction. Finally, it will evaluate how the company address customers needs and how competitive advantage will be achieved. The name of the company is Bella Boutique. Bella Boutique is a trendy fashion and accessory boutique. Bella, which means â€Å"beautiful† in Spanish, defines the concept of the boutique. Bella Boutique will carry a wid e variety of contemporary clothing, accessories, shoes, and make up.Bella Boutique also offers free personal style advice, which includes and detail style assessment based on body type, skin color, style, and personality of the customer. The target customers of Bella Boutique are young adult women, including college, professional, modern girls. These girls enjoy shopping in a fun environment that offers trendy and affordable fashions with a superior personalized service. Bella Boutique will stand out from the competition by having a good location in a high-shopping area, offering quality products, and excellent customer service.Products and services will be offered in-stores and online. Mission Statement – To provide modern young women with a boutique that offers a fun and comfortable shopping environment – To offer a wide variety of trendy fashion and accessories to make sure customer always find something they love – To help women learn what styles and colors go best with their unique body types and personalities Vision Statement – To be the boutique of choice for young, modern women To open many stores throughout the country and drive up sales by promoting our products effectively Guiding Principles or Values – Customers are our priority. Always make an extra effort to make sure customers are satisfied with our products and services – Educate customers about new trends and how to style their purchases properly. Make sure customers needs are met – We encourage and promote cultural and ethnical diversity in our stores. Employees from different cultural and ethnical backgrounds bring to our company a true reflection of our society – Our employees are our greatest asset.We encourage employees to share their creative and innovative ideas to improve our company – Our company provides a fun working atmosphere and promotes personal growth and development. We strive to offer our employees a healthy work- life balance – Respect and honesty must always be present when dealing with our customers, vendors, and employees. We do not engage in acts that can be detrimental to the reputation of our company – We conduct our business with social responsibility.Our products are purchased from socially and environmentally responsible vendors. We also contribute to improve society by volunteering and helping in social causes – Employees will adhere to the highest ethical standards at all times The mission, vision, and values statement for my company provide the structure, framework, and goals in which all the actions will be based on. The mission and values provide the framework to guide every action in the strategic plan. The vision is our objective, what we want to accomplish for our company in the future.The mission, vision, and values set the right direction for the company actions. Employees must know that their actions affect the overall mission, vision, and values of t he organization. These statements are the guiding principles for the company strategic plan, for that reason employees actions should always reflect the mission, vision, and values statements of the company to ensure its success. The trends in fashion are always changing, Bella Boutique will have to be alert of the new trends to keep customers satisfied.Another resource to make sure the company is addressing customers needs is to have customer satisfaction surveys, allowing the customers to express what they like about our store and what they would change. Bella Boutique will have plenty of local competition from many other boutiques. The most direct competitors will be those with the same concept, located in the same area, carrying some of the same brands we sell, and advertising to our target market.Besides the trendy and affordable clothing and accessories, Bella Boutique will create a significant competitive advantage by providing a place to shop with a fun, comfortable, and wel coming atmosphere. In addition, Bella Boutique offers a superior customer service, and we strive for 100% customer satisfaction. Another unique feature of Bella Boutique that creates competitive advantage is the free personalized styling service, in which a professional stylist helps the customers find the right pieces of clothing for their body type and personality.Bella Boutique locations will be designed with comfort and convenience in mind, the store will be decorated with contemporary furniture and painted with inviting colors. The store will have big private dressing rooms with plenty of hooks to hang the clothing pieces and an assigned employee to assist customers. Also for more convenience the store will have small and elegant shopping carts to make the shopping experience more enjoyable. In addition, the store will have a dedicated kids room where the customer's children can play while their parents shop.The kids room will also have a nursery portion to allow customer to fe ed and change small babies. In conclusion, this paper defined the concept of Bella Boutique along with its products, services, and customers. The mission statement was developed to explain the concept of the business. The vision statements are clearly defined to show where the company is heading and the values reflect how the company will conduct business. The mission, vision, and value statements help align the different elements of the strategic plan with the company goals.By creating and implementing the mission, vision, and value statements Bella Boutique, defines the current situation of the company and have a clear understanding of where the company is heading. References Thompson Jr. , A. A. , Gamble, J. E. , ; Strickland III, A. (2006). Strategy Winning in the Marketplace. McGraw-Hill. www. bplans. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://www. bplans. com/womens_clothing_boutique_business_plan/company_summary_fc. php. www. brainmass. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://brainmass. com/business/marketing/286812. Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business BUS/475 Strategic Plan, Part I: Conceptualizing a Business A successful strategic plan must be based on the company's mission, vision, and values. The purpose of this paper is to define a selected business, products, services, and customers by creating a mission statement. In addition, this paper contains a vision for the organization that demonstrate the expected future for the business, and it will define the company values considering important topics such as culture, social responsibility, and ethics.It will also analyze how the vision, mission, and values guide the company's strategic direction. Finally, it will evaluate how the company address customers needs and how competitive advantage will be achieved. The name of the company is Bella Boutique. Bella Boutique is a trendy fashion and accessory boutique. Bella, which means â€Å"beautiful† in Spanish, defines the concept of the boutique. Bella Boutique will carry a wid e variety of contemporary clothing, accessories, shoes, and make up.Bella Boutique also offers free personal style advice, which includes and detail style assessment based on body type, skin color, style, and personality of the customer. The target customers of Bella Boutique are young adult women, including college, professional, modern girls. These girls enjoy shopping in a fun environment that offers trendy and affordable fashions with a superior personalized service. Bella Boutique will stand out from the competition by having a good location in a high-shopping area, offering quality products, and excellent customer service.Products and services will be offered in-stores and online. Mission Statement – To provide modern young women with a boutique that offers a fun and comfortable shopping environment – To offer a wide variety of trendy fashion and accessories to make sure customer always find something they love – To help women learn what styles and colors go best with their unique body types and personalities Vision Statement – To be the boutique of choice for young, modern women To open many stores throughout the country and drive up sales by promoting our products effectively Guiding Principles or Values – Customers are our priority. Always make an extra effort to make sure customers are satisfied with our products and services – Educate customers about new trends and how to style their purchases properly. Make sure customers needs are met – We encourage and promote cultural and ethnical diversity in our stores. Employees from different cultural and ethnical backgrounds bring to our company a true reflection of our society – Our employees are our greatest asset.We encourage employees to share their creative and innovative ideas to improve our company – Our company provides a fun working atmosphere and promotes personal growth and development. We strive to offer our employees a healthy work- life balance – Respect and honesty must always be present when dealing with our customers, vendors, and employees. We do not engage in acts that can be detrimental to the reputation of our company – We conduct our business with social responsibility.Our products are purchased from socially and environmentally responsible vendors. We also contribute to improve society by volunteering and helping in social causes – Employees will adhere to the highest ethical standards at all times The mission, vision, and values statement for my company provide the structure, framework, and goals in which all the actions will be based on. The mission and values provide the framework to guide every action in the strategic plan. The vision is our objective, what we want to accomplish for our company in the future.The mission, vision, and values set the right direction for the company actions. Employees must know that their actions affect the overall mission, vision, and values of t he organization. These statements are the guiding principles for the company strategic plan, for that reason employees actions should always reflect the mission, vision, and values statements of the company to ensure its success. The trends in fashion are always changing, Bella Boutique will have to be alert of the new trends to keep customers satisfied.Another resource to make sure the company is addressing customers needs is to have customer satisfaction surveys, allowing the customers to express what they like about our store and what they would change. Bella Boutique will have plenty of local competition from many other boutiques. The most direct competitors will be those with the same concept, located in the same area, carrying some of the same brands we sell, and advertising to our target market.Besides the trendy and affordable clothing and accessories, Bella Boutique will create a significant competitive advantage by providing a place to shop with a fun, comfortable, and wel coming atmosphere. In addition, Bella Boutique offers a superior customer service, and we strive for 100% customer satisfaction. Another unique feature of Bella Boutique that creates competitive advantage is the free personalized styling service, in which a professional stylist helps the customers find the right pieces of clothing for their body type and personality.Bella Boutique locations will be designed with comfort and convenience in mind, the store will be decorated with contemporary furniture and painted with inviting colors. The store will have big private dressing rooms with plenty of hooks to hang the clothing pieces and an assigned employee to assist customers. Also for more convenience the store will have small and elegant shopping carts to make the shopping experience more enjoyable. In addition, the store will have a dedicated kids room where the customer's children can play while their parents shop.The kids room will also have a nursery portion to allow customer to fe ed and change small babies. In conclusion, this paper defined the concept of Bella Boutique along with its products, services, and customers. The mission statement was developed to explain the concept of the business. The vision statements are clearly defined to show where the company is heading and the values reflect how the company will conduct business. The mission, vision, and value statements help align the different elements of the strategic plan with the company goals.By creating and implementing the mission, vision, and value statements Bella Boutique, defines the current situation of the company and have a clear understanding of where the company is heading. References Thompson Jr. , A. A. , Gamble, J. E. , ; Strickland III, A. (2006). Strategy Winning in the Marketplace. McGraw-Hill. www. bplans. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://www. bplans. com/womens_clothing_boutique_business_plan/company_summary_fc. php. www. brainmass. com. (n. d. ). Retrieved 11 19, 2012, from http://brainmass. com/business/marketing/286812.

College Football vs Nfl Essay

Many compare the National Football League (NFL) with college football but the two are not extremely similar and should never be compared. Yes, besides a few minor rule changes the NFL and college football are the same game; but there is much more to football then the rules. College football is better than the NFL for a wide variety of reasons. First, there exists more passion in college football all around the sport. Passion cannot be measured in anyway but can be observed and understood by the fans, coaches, and sports community. Players care more about the game and less about money, while the fans have great passion for the university they attend or attended. The lack of an influence money has on the game is admirable. Also, tradition is so vast in college football a game day experience cannot be compared with those of the NFL. The special rivalry games and in stadium events makes college football great. Rivalries, passion, playing rules, and timing are few of the reasons why college football is better than the NFL. Along with great activities like tailgating, the wonderful scheduling, the entertainment, and the comeback friendly rules college football has the best case for why it is levels above the NFL. Passion is sought after in all sports, and is the most apparent in college athletics. Money determines everything in pro football and the large impact it has is just too obvious. The same cannot be said for college football. The great passion and emotion seen in players and coaches, and their loyalty to their team helps make college football a lovable game. The football team at a university represents the town, the state, and what the community stands for. College football players are said to be passionate, play hard, hard workers, and fearless. NFL players are most known for complaining and not wanting to be hit hard. There is passion in every play and intensity like no other in college football. It is just a drag watching the NFL because most of the time there is no passion, it’s just guys playing for that next paycheck (Fisher).The fact that the student athletes play for opportunity and the love of the game is invigorating to all sport fans. College football has been said t o be more pure of a game. This means they play for the chance to make the league, and are about the game. Another reason passion is more reflected in college football is the lack of salary related hold outs. This refers to the many major star athletes who have large contract disputes and skip on camp and all team activities until they are paid more money. Players risk team success for selfish personal reasons. Prime examples of a player negatively affecting a team with a hold out are Albert Haynesworth, Terrell Owens, Michael Crabtree, Maurice Jones-Drew, Chris Johnson, and many more. These players put personal motives over team goals; it is inferred that the star athletes prefer money over team success. There has never been one single hold out in college football. Historically players in contract years have shown just a little more effort to ensure they make a few extra dollars when their pay days come around (Eliesen). Stats go up and so does the amount of work put in. This shows that players give more effort when money is on the line. The impact money has on the NFL makes college football that much better. Another issue with the money influence of the NFL is players will switch teams for more money, wins, or a bigger market. Not just some players, all players. In college you can transfer for academic or personal reasons but there are consequences. In 2010-11, 6.4 percent of Division I student-athletes transferred from one four-year school to another four-year school. Included in that figure are 969 football student-athletes. All of those student-athletes were required to sit out a year of competition (NCAA). In the NFL it is expected that a player would turn their back on their team and city for more money or a better personal opportunity. In college it is discouraged, frowned upon, and penalized against. The players passion for the game, loyalty to their teams, and absents of holdouts and other money related issues are the start of a long list of reasons why college football is better than the NFL. The passion shows the college players are about the game, not the money. The tradition of college football is unlike that of any sport. The significance of it is immeasurable. To start college football has outstanding rivalry games. They are better than the NFL rivalry games simply because they have existed longer, are closer games, in a larger variety, and the fans and schools hate each other more. Classic examples include Army versus Navy, the iron bowl, Ohio State versus Michigan, USC versus Notre Dame, Miami versus FSU, The red river rivalry, the civil war, the dual in the dessert, the world’s largest cocktail party, LSU versus Alabama, and several others. Compare that with Dallas against Washington; the best rivalry in the NFL. Not a comparison. Every team in college football has a rival. Iowa State has Kansas State. Indiana has Illinois. Baylor has Texas Tech. Cincinnati has Louisville. It’s not what you think of when you think Auburn/Alabama, Ohio State/Michigan and Texas/Oklahoma, but even the lesser-known powers have rivals that riles up the fan bases. The NFL? I challenge you to name the Carolina Panthers’ top rival (Wilson).The atmosphere surrounding the towns and the great rivalry games out perform the NFL’s weak rivalry match ups. Next, fans have more to route for in college. The fact that the students and alumni get to support the place they graduated from cannot be matched. For NFL fans most of them root for the city’s team you were born in. For college football fans the team you cheer for could be across the nation because you had a family member go there or your family has always cheered for them. For college football fans it doesn’t matter what city you live in (Fisher). Good examples of great tradition are Oregon’s uniforms, dotting the I in Ohio, Chief Osceola, war eagle, Howards rock, the dog UGA, and the play like a champion today sign in South Bend. Literally, 100 more traditions could be named. Traditions such as those just don’t exist in the NFL. There isn’t the same level of tradition in the pro game (Killoren). Stadiums, fight songs, bands, and the college campus on game day, pep rallies, are all things that are just not seen in professional football. The tradition in college football is evident and changes the game completely. Most importantly the strong and vast group of rivalry games in college makes the NFL division games appear as friendly competition. A main reason why college football is better than the NFL is because in college the timing in all around better. By the timing, I mean the rules that influence the time and the scheduling. College football starts a week earlier which means over 120 division one college games have been played before the NFL starts. College football has more games in general and starts off football season right. Next, is Saturdays are better for watching and playing football than Sundays. Nobody wants to go to work the day after a crazy game. People need Sunday to relax after a crazy tailgating and game experience. To me, there’s nothing better than going to bed on Friday night knowing that you have nothing to do on Saturday except watch college football. Even if you find a few hours to watch your favorite NFL team, you still have it hanging over your head that it’s back to work in the morning. That feeling always tends to take the wind out of my sails (FanNation). Who wants to be out late on a Sunday night at a prime time game? How about Saturday? There is a big difference between the two. During bowl season we get to see 35 prestigious match ups of team with winning records in solid football games over a 23 day period. Right over the holidays when everyone has school and work off there is football on every day. This is set up nicely for viewers. Seniors get a last chance to represent themselves and their school in the bowl game that they have worked so hard to earn. Lastly, college has comeback friendly rules that the NFL do not have. Stopping of the clock on a first down, one foot in bounds for a catch, chains must be set before clock starts, and clock stopping all game when you get out of bounds keep college games entertaining and help you see more action. According to a Wall Street Journal study of four games from week 16, the average NFL game features just 10 minutes 43 seconds of action (Chase). The comebacks that have determined champions and the outcome of high profile games are because of the comeback friendly rule book of college football. College football is more entertaining than the NFL for many reasons but bowl season, the comeback friendly rules, Saturdays over Sundays, and the extra week of football are just some vital examples. The pregame activities, tailgating, the more logical football rules such as overtime standards, and ESPNs outstanding coverage give college an extra edge on professional football. College game day travels to the biggest game of the week and perform a 3 hour special on campus live in front of an audience with different guest stars, storylines, and gimmicks each week. Hands down NFL Countdown can’t compete with College Gameday (Fisher). Also, college goal line which updates all the score nationwide is very popular around the country. In college football the sport is played the right way. If a player hits the ground he is down, in the NFL he can get back up and run if not touched. This leads to many missed calls and slows down play. The overtime rules are better in college because you can’t tie. Yes, in the NFL there is the terrible possibility of a tie. Also, each time gets a chance and the better team is awarded the victory. In the NFL it’s more about the coin flip than the play. Parties on campus, pep rallies, and fun halftime events like the famous Dr. Pepper challenge are great add ons to college football. The college life sparks parties and pep rallies. Some schools even cancel classes the day before a big game. Students camp out to get tickets and great scenes like that are noticed all around the country. The weekend gives students a break. What more would students want to do than party and route on their schools football team. Lastly, tailgating is bigger in college football. Fans have all of the next day to relax so they enjoy their tailgating. Only 30 percent of the tailgaters actually make it inside the stadium. People do not tailgate a week before for an NFL game. College students start tailgating that Sunday or Monday after that last game they just went too (Fisher). College fans take tailgating very serious and make a 3 hour game into a week event in which they can relax, watch football, eat good food, and reunite with friends and family. The activities around college football separate it from the old boring games on Sunday. College football has passion, traditions, entertainment, and an incredible environment that the NFL lacks. These reasons were choose from a list of 200 reasons college football is better. Upsets, unpredictability, cheer leaders, the Heisman, coaching dynasties, the spread offense, uniforms, new programs, and other reason were not even discussed because college football has such a huge variety of great attributes. This makes college football more appealing to the fans and viewers. Understand that all these reasons build on the case of why college football beats the NFL. Yes, the players are less talented when they are younger. It should have been made clear that the game is about more than this though. The college players do not only care about money. Love of the game, the tradition, the entertainment, and the rules are a few of the prominent reasons college football is better. However, Most of these reasons cannot be based of scientific facts or stats. The reasons listed are based on what is the best game to watch and support. A personal opinion and judgment is what makes this argument worth demonstrating. It cannot be proven through facts and data but there are numerous reasons that help show the point that is trying to be made. All the evidence is there and all that is left to do is choose what reasons makes college football better than the NFL. There are many to choose from.

Business Task 2 on reflection Essay

                 UAE otherwise known as United Arab Emirates is amalgamation of 7 Emirates namely Umm Al, Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah, Ajman, Sharjah, Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Fujairah. UAE is the second biggest Arabian Middle East economy. The United Arab Emirates is the number 3 biggest in this region in crude oil exporting, following Iran and Saudi Arabia. It possesses the number 6 biggest recognized conservative crude oil reverse and the 5th biggest natural gas reserves. The swift growth in demand of water and electricity has generated the necessity to appraise unconventional power generation sources. In the year 2008, the United Arabs Emirates produced energy white paper on study of energy that confirmed that nuclear power to be environmentally friendly and safe alternative which would increment the prevailing plants of power in accomplishing increasing energy requirements. 2.1 Objective of this study accomplishment                The objective of this study of examining whether ownership structure matters for the performance of firms in United Arabs Emirates was achieved. Empirical evidence suggests that privately held firms tend to be more efficient and more profitable than publicly held firms. This shows that ownership structure matters. The question now is how does it affect firm performance? This question is very important because it is based on a research agenda that has been strongly promoted by La Porta et al. (1998; 1999; 2000). According to these studies, failure of the legislative framework to provide sufficient protection for external investors, entrepreneurs and founding investors of a company tend will maintain large positions in their firms thus resulting in a concentrated ownership structure.                  This paper aimed at looking at whether ownership structure has an impact on firm performance in UAE. This region has witnessed significant economic growth over the last few decades. The region is also facing turbulent times with respect to corporate governance practices, resulting in poor firm performance. Corporate governance issues are not limited to the Gulf region. From a global point of view, corporate governance has witnessed significant transformations over the last decade (Gomez and Korine, 2005).                The data that is used in this study includes 362 non-financial listed firms during the period of 2006-2011 from Thomson one banker, Thomson.com, DataStream and annual report. Panel data is used to analyse the impact of ownership structure on firm performance number of independent directors on the board are controlled for. The different types of ownership structure that are included in the study are: managerial ownership, family ownership, government ownership, institution ownership, foreign ownership and concentrated ownership. Evidence personal learning and development 1.0 Effects of structure on firm performance                  It is indisputable, managerial ownership, Chairman own share, institutional investors, corporate total own, institutional owner domestic and corporate foreign all have positive effects on firm performance. The evidence is also consistent with theoretical and empirical arguments. On the contrary, When Return on Assets (ROA) is used as a measure of performance; the evidence shows that government ownership has negative effects on firm performance in United Arab of Emirates oil firms. Therefore, performance of United Arab of Emirates oil companies is affected by government ownership.                  The relationship between performance and ownership structure also differs for firm specific variables such as leverage, GDP growth and firm size. When the Tobin’s Q is used, the relationship is negative for leverage, GDP growth and firm size. The negative and significant impact of firm size on firm performance when Tobin’s Q is used can be attributed to the fact that large firms have limited investment opportunities, which limit their potential to grow and make profit. Surprisingly, the impact of GDP growth is significantly negative. However, when ROA is used, we did not find any significant relationship with firm performance in United Arab of Emirates oil firms.                   This study also shows that there may be a necessity to motivate policy makers of United Arab of Emirates oil firms to ensure that banks practice the mechanisms of corporate governance effectively. This practice should be compatible for the business environment of United Arab of Emirates oil firms, whereas adopting the same governance standards in order to ensure unification of disclosure level among the banks. It is expected that the best practice of the corporate governance characteristics will contribute to improve efficiency, effectiveness and monitoring in the Islamic banks of UAE. Therefore, this can only be applied by developing the regulatory and compelling frameworks.                  In the last 4 decades, researchers have believed that there is a connection between the firm performance and the ownership structure. In this regards, there has been publications of many studies on different markets to inspect this relationship. This connection between performance and ownership structure dates back to empirical study of Mean and Berle in the year 1932 that got that the weakness of shareholding in a negative way influence the performance of affirm via an inverse relationship. Generally, the number of well-developed policies and the present legal systems are poorly developed in the markets that are emerging. These new markets, according to most analysis studies, lack protection for their creditors and shareholders (La Porta, 1999). 2.0 Ownership structure in relation to firm performance                  The issue as to whether ownership structure matters for the performance of firms has been an important subject of debate in the finance literature. Empirical evidence suggests that privately held firms tend to be more efficient and more profitable than publicly held firms. This shows that ownership structure matters. The question now is how does it affect firm performance? This question is very important because it is based on a research agenda that has been strongly promoted by most researchers in economics. According to these studies, failure of the legislative framework to provide sufficient protection for external investors, entrepreneurs and founding investors of a company tend will maintain large positions in their firms thus resulting in a concentrated ownership structure. This finding is interesting because it implies that ownership structure can affect the performance of the firm in one way or the other. It is indisputable; the lack of regulations in corporate governance gives managers who intend to mishandle the flow of cash for their own personal interest a low control level. The empirical results from the past studies of impacts of ownership structure on performance of corporate have been inconclusive and mixed up. References Gomez, P.Y. & Korine, H. 2005, Democracy and the Evolution of Corporate Governance. Corporate Governance, 13, 739-752. La Porta, R., L. et al. 1999, Corporate ownership around the world. The Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471–517. Source document

Critical Appraisal

Introduction This essay will critically appraise a paper investigating the relationship between moderate alcohol intake during pregnancy and risk of foetal death written by Andersen et al. (2012). This was a cohort study that used the data from a sample of 91,843 Danish mothers. It was found that 55% of the cohort abstained completely during pregnancy, whilst the rest of the cohort reported consuming alcoholic drinks during this time. The authors reported that there was a substantially increased risk of either spontaneous abortion or stillbirth in women who consumed even moderately low amounts of alcohol (2-3.5 drinks per week) before their 16th week of pregnancy. However, alcohol consumption after 16 weeks appeared not to have an effect. The introduction of this paper is extremely short, although it does manage to summarise why the study was conducted and the aim of the research is clear. The authors highlight that previous research into the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on foetal death have produced conflicting results and that there appear to be geographical trends in the outcome of such studies. Although a lack of conclusive evidence is a solid basis on which to conduct a new study, the authors do not explicitly detail why the current study will be any different and how it will seek to overcome the limitations of previous research. The Critical Appraisal Skills Progamme (CASP, www.casp-uk.net) recommends approaching critical appraisals using three steps. The first step is to assess whether the study is valid by evaluating the methodological quality. The methodology of the current study is clearly laid out and replicable. Despite this, one criticism of the methodology is the use of self-reported alcohol consumption data. Self-reported data is vulnerable to social desirability bias by which participants may withhold or fabricate certain behaviours in order to fit in to what others expectations of them. Social desirability has been found to confound reports of other health related behaviours, such as diet (Klesges et al., 2004) and physical activity (Adams et al., 2005). Using the levels of evidence hierarchy (Foster, 2011), cohort studies lay below systematic reviews and randomised control studies in their ability to avoid bias. Therefore, the study’s design helps reduce the risk of other biases that could confound the results. The statistical analysis used was the hazard ratio. This analysis calculates the ratio of the hazard rate corresponding to the two conditions of an explanatory variable (Spruance et al., 2004). In the current study, it was found that women who drank even just low levels of alcohol during pregnancy had higher hazard rates of early foetal death than those women who abstained. This is a suitable statistical analysis that answers the research question at hand. The second step in the CASP recommendations for appraising evidence is to examine the results. It is important to consider how clinically important the results are and how much uncertainty surround them. Potentially, the current study has excellent clinical utility. Firstly, the sample size was large and as a result, the findings are likely to be very representative of the population as a whole. There is some cultural bias to be aware of as the sample was collected exclusively from a Danish sample. Therefore, the results may not be generalisble to women in other countries. For example, in the UK, alcohol consumption has been found to be much higher, especially among females in their teen years (Mukherjee et al., 2005). The last step suggested by CASP is to assess whether the results are useful. The current results may certainly be useful in the area of health policy development. The knowledge that even low alcohol consumption within the first trimester of pregnancy can increase the risk of foetal death strengthens current Government guidelines that recommend that women abstain completely from alcohol during pregnancy. In the United Kingdom, the Chief Medical Officer currently advises that women should avoid alcohol altogether but that if they must drink, to consume no more than 1-2 units once or twice a week. However, the current paper suggests that just two drinks per week could increase a woman’s risk of losing the baby. Nevertheless, the conclusions drawn by the study are based on the assumption that alcohol consumption contributed to the increased risk of foetal death and should be interpreted with caution. The study did not collect data on various other variables that may have contribut ed to the increased risk, such as illegal drug use during pregnancy has been associated with foetal death (Wolfe et al., 2005). Furthermore, consumption of large quantities of caffeine (Wisborg et al., 2003) has been found to be associated with a higher risk of early foetal death. The current study collected information on coffee consumption and it was found that 32.6% of women consumed between one and seven cups of coffee during their pregnancy. Therefore, coffee consumption and not just alcohol may have had an impact on the results. In the discussion, the authors acknowledge the large number of confounding variables that may have impacted upon the study. The discussion of the study does discuss the potential usefulness of the results. However, the authors state in the introduction that discrepancy amongst previous research was a driving force behind the study but fail to discuss why or how the current study may have alleviated this issue. In conclusion, this is a reasonably strong piece of research that could contribute considerably to health policy. However, it is flawed in some key areas and so the results should be interpreted with caution. For example, if the study is to be replicated, future researchers may consider additional outcome measures that could identify participants at risk of social desirability bias. Nevertheless, the finding that even very low consumption of alcohol before the 16th week of pregnancy may contribute to early foetal death suggests that this should be further investigated as health policy may subsequently consider recommending women abstain completely from alcohol until after their 16th week. References Adams, S.A., Matthews, C.E., Ebbeling, C.B., Moore, C.G., Cunningham, J.E., Fulton, J. and Herbert, J.R. (2005) The effect of social desirability and social approval on self reports of physical activity. American Journal of Epidemiology, 161(4), pp. 389-398. Andersen, A.N., Andersen, P.K., Olsen, J., Gronbaek, M. and Strandberg-Larsen, K. (2012) Moderate alcohol intake during pregnancy and risk of fetal death. International Journal of Epidemiology, 41, pp. 405-413. Foster, N. (2011) Making sense of the evidential hierarchy. In: Carmen, A. (Ed), Assessing Evidence to Improve Population Health and Wellbeing. Exeter: Learning Matters Ltd. Klesges, L.M., Baranowski, T., Beech, B., Cullen, K., Murray, D.M., Rochon, J. and Pratt, C. (2004) Social desirability bias in self-reported dietary, physical activity and weight concerns measures in 8-to-10-year-old African-American girls: results from the Girls health Enrichment Multisite Studies (GEMS). Preventative Medicine, 38, pp. 78-87. Mukherjee, R.A.S., Hollins, S., Abou-Saleh, M.T. and Turk, J. (2005) Low level alcohol consumption and the fetus. British Medical Journal, 330(7488), pp. 375-376. Spruance, L.S., Reid, J.E., Grace, M. and Samore, M. (2004) Hazard ratio in clinical trials. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 48(8), pp. 2787-2792. Wisborg, K., Kesmodel, U., Bech, B.H., Hedegaard, M. and Henriksen, T.B. (2003) Maternal consumption of coffee during pregnancy and stillbirth and infant death in first year of life: prospective study. British Medical Journal, 326, pp. 420. Wolfe, E.L., Davis, T., Guydish, J. and Delucchi, K.L. (2005) Mortality risk associated with perinatal drug and alcohol use in California. Journal of Perinatlogy, 25, pp. 93-100. Critical Appraisal Critical appraisal is the use of explicit, transparent methods to assess the data in published research, applying the rules of evidence to factors such as internal validity, adherence to reporting standards, conclusions and generalizability.[1][2] Critical appraisal methods form a central part of the systematic review process.[3] They are used in evidence-based healthcare training to assist clinical decision-making, and are increasingly used in evidence-based social care and education provision. when an entrepreneur is think about setting up in business it is important to think carefully about what is needed to make the idea a success, how the business will compete against other firms and how much money is needed to run it, these items would usually be included in a business plan. * The nature of the business it history and its legal structure * The product it offers, what make it different from anyone else, why customers would buy it and how it is protected from the competition. * The nature of the market and the firm’s customer base . * The objectives of the business( set-out target that entrepreneur would like to achieve ) * The strategy ( this set out how the objective is going to be achieved * Approach to marketing * The founder and employee * The firm’s operations ( where it is based, the production facilities it requires, the capital it has) * A forecast of sale over a period in the future. Idea generation (ideation) is critical to the design and marketing of new products, to mar-keting strategy, and to the creation of effective advertising copy. In new product development, for example, idea generation is a key component of the front end of the process, often called the â€Å"fuzzy front end† and recognized as one of the highest leverage points for a firm (Dahan and Hauser 2001). Ideation is the creative process of generating, developing, and communicating new ideas, where an idea is understood as a basic element of thought that can be either visual, concrete, or abstract.[1] Ideation is all stages of a thought cycle, from innovation, to development, to actualization.[2] As such, it is an essential part of the design process, both in education and practice.[3]

The founding of the UN during the Second World War shows that the UN Essay

The founding of the UN during the Second World War shows that the UN can meet international challenges in the way that the Leagu - Essay Example That way, if a country decides to make genocide legal, the international community can impose trade restrictions, embargos, and other measures in order to weaken that country’s ability to carry out its plans. In addition, an international government makes possible the use of a widespread alliance in military actions against a country such as Germany in World War II. However, the League of Nations proved incapable of preventing the aggressive military actions of Germany in the years leading up to the Second World War, which created the need for the United Nations, which is more structurally able than its predecessor to handle such international challenges. The intergovernmental League of Nations was formed in 1919 at the Treaty of Versailles immediately after the First World War, tasked with the responsibility of preventing another such war and maintaining world peace. It planned to do so through disarmament, serving as an international arbiter of disputes, and by enforcing law s related to prisoners of war, the arms trade, and global health (League of Nations). The countries of the world readily approved of the idea of the League, noting that the Great Powers of the world needed to take increased responsibility in ensuring the global security of the world. The Great Powers began to realize that eventually, in a conflict between countries, they would have to become involved (Walters). Because the League of Nation had no standing army of its own, it relied on the Great Powers for its security measures. The resolutions that the League drafted were to be enforced by the larger armies of the world and, thus, the League relied on the active and full participation of each of its members (League of Nations). However, many armies were hesitant to fully engage those resolutions for a number of reasons. In some cases, the League would draft a resolution against an economic partner or long-time ally of one of the Great Powers. For example, during the conflict between Italy and Ethiopia in the mid-1930s, the League called resolutions against Italy. Few countries complied, due to Italy’s status in the world as an economic and political ally. Italy itself mocked the resolutions, which damaged the public image of the League as the world’s policing agency (Jahanpour). These kinds of acts undermined the effectiveness of the organization not only to carry out its intergovernmental security role, but also to serve as an effective arbiter between states. Once countries did not respect the authority of the League, they did not respect its ability to effectively bring about conclusions to those conflicts. The greatest failure of the League came in the late 1930s with Germany’s non-compliance. Starting with a complaint from a Jewish German about rights violations based on religion, sanctions from the League on Germany resulted (Shoah Resource Center). These resolutions banned racist laws. Because one of the stated goals of the League w as to protect minorities in Europe, the organization lived up to its mission (Walters). However, in 1937, Hitler-led Germany refused to recognize itself as part of the League and continued enforcement of laws against Jews. The failure of the League in this instance was constituted by the assumption that the Great Po